Table 3.
Multivariate logistic regression analysis of factors associated with seroprevalence of T. gondii among pregnant women (n = 360)
| Variable | Sero-status, n (%) | COR (95%CI), P-value |
AOR (95%CI), P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Positive, n(%) | |||
| Residence | |||
| Rural | 69 (54.8) | 3.6 (2.3–5.7), < 0.01 | 1.6 (0.49–5.6),0.41 |
| Urban | 59 (25.2) | 1 | 1 |
| Age | |||
| 15–24 | 13 (11.1) | 1 | |
| 25–34 | 65 (36.5) | 4.6 (2.4–8.8), < 0.01 | 15.6 (5.9–40.9),< 0.01 |
| >/=35 | 50 (76.9) | 26.6 (11.8–60.3),< 0.01 | 42.5 (12.7–141.7),< 0.01 |
| Occupation | |||
| Student | 9 (20) | 0.49 (0.2–1.2), 0.1 | 0.4 (0.08–2.01),0.27 |
| House Wife | 73 (51) | 2 (1.1–3.7), 0.02 | 0.62 (0.18–2.1),0.45 |
| Farmer | 11 (26.2) | 0.7 (0.3–1.6) | 0.64 (0.17–2.3), 0.51 |
| Governmental employee | 22 (33.8) | 1 | 1 |
| Non-governmental employee | 4 (15.4) | 0.35 (0.1–1.16), 0.08 | 0.21 (0.03–1.3),0.09 |
| Self employed | 9 (23.1) | 0.58 (0.23–1.4), 0.24 | 0.5 (0.12–2.47),0.4 |
| Educational level | |||
| Unable to read and write | 21 (44.7) | 2.25 (1.09–4.6), 0.03 | 5.8 (1.27–26.7), 0.02 |
| 1–8 | 39 (54.2) | 3.3 (1.7–6.2),< 0.01 | 2.9 (0.7–11.7),0.13 |
| 9–12 | 40 (29.6) | 1.17 (0.6–2.1), 0.5 | 3.2 (1.09–9.1),0.03 |
| College and above | 28 (26.4) | 1 | 1 |
| Source of drinking water | |||
| Unprotected well | 14 (60.9) | 3.5 (1.5–8.5), < 0.01 | 1.3 (0.24–7.18),0.7 |
| Protected well | 35 (44.9) | 1.8 (1.1–3.1), 0.02 | 0.6 (0.2–1.80),0.4 |
| Tap water | 79 (30.5) | 1 | 1 |
| Hand washing after contact with garden soil or domestic animals | |||
| Rarely | 48 (56.5) | 2.8 (1.6–5.0) | 7.7 (2.7–21.9),< 0.01 |
| Mostly | 32 (26.7) | 0.8 (0.5–1.4), 0.4 | 0.46 (02–1.06),0.07 |
| Always | 48 (31) | 1 | 1 |
| Presence of domestic cat | |||
| No | 42 (22.6) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 86 (49.4) | 3.35 (2.13–5.3), < 0.01 | 5.2 (2.36–11.6), < 0.01 |
| History contact with dog | |||
| No | 80 (29.4) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 48 (54.5) | 2.8 (1.7–4.7), < 0.01 | 12.9 (4.9–34.2), < 0.01 |
| History of contact with goat/sheep | |||
| No | 91 (31.9) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 37 (49.3) | 2.07 (1.2–3.5), 0.01 | 1.5 (0.5–4.7), 0.4 |
| History of Contact with Camel | |||
| No | 113 (34.5) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 15 (46.9) | 1.67 (0.8–3.5), 0.16 | 0.5 (0.18–1.6), 0.29 |
| Used to consume raw meat | |||
| No | 86 (33.7) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 42 (40.0) | 1.3 (0.8–2.09),0.25 | 1.7 (0.8–3.5), 0.17 |
| Used to consume raw vegetables | |||
| No | 26 (20.3) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 102 (44) | 3.07 (1.8–5.08), < 0.01 | 6.7 (2.6–17.2), < 0.01 |
| Used to consume raw milk | |||
| No | 98 (35.3) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 30 (36.6) | 1.06 (0.6–1.7),0.8 | 2.05 (0.86–4.8), 0.1 |
| History of abortion | |||
| No | 90 (35.0) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 38 (36.9) | 1.08 (0.6–1.7), 0.7 | 0.8 (0.36–1.7), 0.6 |
| History of needlestick injury | |||
| No | 110 (35.1) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 18 (38.3) | 1.14 (0.6–2.15), 0.67 | 2.8 (0.9–8.9), 0.07 |
| History of blood transfusion | |||
| No | 111 (36.6) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 17 (29.8) | 0.7 (0.4–1.35), 0.3 | 0.29 (0.07–1.07), 0.6 |
Note: AOR Adjusted Odds Ratio, CI confidence interval, COR Crude Odds Ratio; 1: referent; variable with a p value presented in boldface are statistically significant