Table 2.
Longitudinal changes of CSA (cm2) of the paraspinal and psoas muscles (mean ± SD)
| Baseline | Follow-up | P a | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PS 3–4 (R) | 31.3 (4.0) | 33.7 (4.3) | < 0.01** | 1.6 to 3.2 |
| PS 3–4 (L) | 30.7 (3.3) | 33.2 (3.5) | < 0.01** | 1.6 to 3.4 |
| PS 4–5 (R) | 28. 7 (3.8) | 30.1 (4.2) | < 0.01** | 0.7 to 2.2 |
| PS 4–5 (L) | 28.5 (4.3) | 30.9 (4.7) | < 0.01** | 1.5 to 3.3 |
| Psoas 3–4 (R) | 16.9 (3.4) | 17.4 (3.3) | 0.02* | 0.1 to 0.9 |
| Psoas 3–4 (L) | 17.4 (3.6) | 17.7 (3.5) | 0.27 | 0.3 to 0.9 |
| Psoas 4–5 (R) | 21.0 (3.2) | 21.8 (3.9) | 0.07 | 0.1 to 1.6 |
| Psoas 4–5 (L) | 21.5 (3.2) | 22.2 (3.4) | 0.05 | 0.1 to 1.3 |
CSA Cross-sectional area, PS Paraspinal muscles, R right, L left; aANOVA
for repeated measures, (Wilks’ Lambda) was used to obtain P values; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01