Table 2.

Baseline Sociodemographic Characteristics, Health, and Function by Marital Status

	Continuously married (N = 470)		Widowed (N = 394)		Single (N = 93)		Pre-widowed (N = 43)
Variable	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
White racea	282	60.0	152	38.6	33	35.5	33	76.7
Female gendera	138	29.4	300	76.1	33	35.5	28	65.1
Education <12tha	194	41.2	235	59.7	57	61.3	12	28.0
Income <$12,000a	103	21.9	246	62.2	58	62.4	10	23.3
Ruralb	226	48.1	222	56.3	49	52.7	17	39.5
Transportation difficultya	38	8.1	106	26.9	23	24.7	4	9.3
Agea	73.54	[5.72]	77.76	[7.35]	74.3	[6.22]	74.42	[5.00]
Life-Spacea	71.84	[24.0]	54.57	[22.7]	62.55	[25.9]	70.43	[22.8]
GDS Score	2.01	[2.18]	2.70	[2.48]	2.59	[2.00]	2.47	[2.65]
Self-reported Healthc	3.11	[1.11]	3.33	[1.13]	3.11	[1.15]	3.37	[1.16]
Anxietyb	1.01	[1.35]	1.38	[1.50]	1.08	[1.39]	1.35	[1.51]
Comorbiditya	2.20	[1.59]	2.29	[1.61]	2.20	[1.58]	2.49	[1.61]
Medications	4.26	[3.35]	4.42	[3.29]	3.60	[2.73]	4.95	[2.81]

^ap < 0.001; ^bp < 0.01; ^cp < 0.05.

p values indicate a significant difference among groups.