Table 1.
Characteristics of the DM mice after 2 weeks and 2 months of treatment with PBA or TUDCA
| 2 weeks | 2 months | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | PBA | TUDCA | PBA + DM | TUDCA + DM | DM | CON | PBA | TUDCA | PBA + DM | TUDCA + DM | DM | |
| BW (g) | 28.7 ± 0.23 | 29.1 ± 0.46 | 28.9 ± 0.30 | 28.8 ± 0.49# | 26.0 ± 0.35**# | 23.6 ± 0.78* | 33.4 ± 0.62 | 33.6 ± 0.33 | 33.7 ± 0.53 | 25.8 ± 0.28***# | 26.1 ± 0.20**# | 23.1 ± 0.25* |
| GLU (mmol/L) | 7.2 ± 0.45 | 7.2 ± 0.42 | 7.2 ± 0.39 | 26.4 ± 0.47***# | 21.4 ± 0.84**# | 31.9 ± 0.64* | 8.8 ± 0.24 | 8.9 ± 0.13 | 8.6 ± 0.21 | 28.5 ± 0.76***# | 23.1 ± 0.71**# | 33.7 ± 0.61* |
| GSP (μmol/L) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 259.6 ± 17.9 | 260.3 ± 10.2 | 261.1 ± 9.4 | 460.6 ± 11.5*** | 431.7 ± 11.9** | 475.4 ± 19.2* |
| BUN (mmol/L) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 11.3 ± 0.39 | 11.3 ± 0.32 | 11.5 ± 0.40 | 16.1 ± 0.31*** | 15.3 ± 0.55** | 16.8 ± 0.59* |
| Cre (mmol/L) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 12.7 ± 0.28 | 12.3 ± 0.28 | 12.2 ± 0.24 | 13.3 ± 0.94# | 18.4 ± 0.84** | 20.5 ± 2.30* |
| UA (μmol/L) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 133.9 ± 2.1 | 133.6 ± 2.2 | 134.3 ± 2.5 | 130.0 ± 5.2 | 140.9 ± 3.4 | 134.3 ± 8.6 |
| Mg (mg/L) | 38.9 ± 0.95 | 39.5 ± 1.03 | 39.8 ± 1.16 | 34.5 ± 1.10*** | 40.9 ± 0.79# | 33.5 ± 0.89* | 38.7 ± 1.75 | 38.4 ± 0.47 | 38.7 ± 1.61 | 35.4 ± 0.86*** | 41.3 ± 1.39# | 33.7 ± 0.30* |
| Ca (mg/L) | 111.3 ± 3.4 | 111.9 ± 3.1 | 111.5 ± 3.6 | 93.0 ± 2.0*** | 122.6 ± 2.1# | 91.1 ± 2.8* | 106.5 ± 2.4 | 106.8 ± 2.4 | 110.9 ± 2.5 | 96.5 ± 3.0*** | 104.2 ± 2.5# | 95.4 ± 2.5* |
| CHO (mmol/L) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3.9 ± 0.16 | 3.9 ± 0.14 | 3.9 ± 0.12 | 5.9 ± 0.62*** | 4.1 ± 0.19# | 6.9 ± 0.60* |
| TG (mmol/L) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3.3 ± 0.37 | 3.2 ± 0.12 | 3.0 ± 0.13 | 6.1 ± 0.61*** | 4.6 ± 0.21**# | 6.9 ± 0.74* |
| HDL (mmol/L) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2.8 ± 0.07 | 2.8 ± 0.07 | 2.9 ± 0.07 | 3.4 ± 0.19 | 2.9 ± 0.10 | 3.4 ± 0.24 |
| LDL (mmol/L) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.81 ± 0.05 | 0.81 ± 0.06 | 0.81 ± 0.03 | 1.39 ± 0.15***# | 0.76 ± 0.03# | 2.04 ± 0.25* |
Data are expressed as mean ± SE, n = 7 in all groups
*P < 0.05 vs. CON group; **P < 0.05 vs. TUDCA group; ***P < 0.05 vs. PBA group; #P < 0.05 vs. DM group
BW body weight, Glu serum glucose, GSP glycosylated serum protein, BUN blood urea nitrogen, Cre serum creatinine, Mg serum magnesium, Ca serum calcium, CHO total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, HDL high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL low-density lipoprotein