Table 3. Spondylosis deformans in dogs and wolves by age group and percentage of individuals affected.

Age range (years)	Non-transport dogs	Sled dogs	Wolves
	(n = 77)	(n = 10)	(n = 70)
	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)
0–2	2/5(40.00)	N/A	5/48(10.42)
3–5	4/8(50.00)	1/2(50.00)	6/12(50.00)
6–8	7/9(77.78)	N/A	5/6(83.33)
9–11	21/24(87.50)	6/6(100.00)	3/3(100.00)
12–14	18/19(94.74)	2/2(100.00)	1/1(100.00)a
15–17	11/12(91.67)	N/A	N/A
Total	63(81.82)	9(90.00)	20(28.57)

^a captive individual