. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: Med Decis Making. 2019 Mar 8;39(3):183–195. doi: 10.1177/0272989X19829728

Table 3.

Graph literacy by socio-demographic characteristics (n=835)

Socio-demographic characteristic	n	Mean graph literacy (SD)	Test result	p
Education
Vocational-technical training or less	387	1.9 (1.10)	t(833)=−7.97	<.001
More than vocational-technical training	448	2.4 (1.03)
Race/ethnicity
White, Non-Hispanic	445	2.4 (1.06)^a	F(3,831)=18.38	<.001
Black, Non-Hispanic	144	1.7 (1.05)^b
Hispanic	141	2.0 (1.12)^c
Other, Non-Hispanic	105	2.4 (1.05)^a,d
Income			t(833)=−7.59
≤$49,999	340	1.8 (1.10)		<.001
≥$50,000	495	2.4(1.04)
Gender
Male	356	2.3 (1.08)	t(833)=3.41	<.01
Female	479	2.1 (1.10)
Age	835	--	Pearson’s r=−0.05	.15

Note:

^a-d

Post-hoc comparisons were used to examine differences in graph literacy among racial groups. Different superscripts indicate significant differences between groups (all p’s<.02).