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. 2019 Jan 28;27(5):237–245. doi: 10.1007/s12471-019-1232-7

Table 2.

Mechanisms of myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary atherosclerosis

Clinical disorder
1 Epicardiac coronary disorders (MI type 1) (a) Atherosclerotic plaque rupture
(b) Ulceration
(c) Fissuring
(d) Erosion or coronary dissection with non-obstructive CAD
2 Imbalance between oxygen supply and demand (MI type 2) (a) Coronary embolism
(b) Coronary artery vasospasm
3 Coronary endothelial dysfunction (MI type 2) (a) Coronary microvascular dysfunction
4 Myocardial causes (a) Cardiomyopathy
– i. Takotsubo syndrome
– ii. Dilated
– iii. Hypertrophic
(b) (Peri)-myocarditis
(c) Myocardial trauma or injury
(d) Tachyarrhythmia-induced infarct
5 Non-cardiac causes (a) Renal impairment
(b) Pulmonary embolism

CAD coronary artery disease, MI myocardial infarction