Compulsivity | The experience of the urge to perform an overt or covert behavior in a stereotyped manner that persists despite lack of goal orientation resulting in not valuable or adverse consequences. |
Habit (Stimulus- Response associations) | Habitual responses that are directly triggered by stimuli and are defined by insensitivity to their consequences. The S-R associations that mediate habits have been reinforced either by past experiences with reward or by the omission of aversive events. |
Goal directed behavior (Response-Outcome associations) | Behavior that is mediated by knowledge of the casual relationship between the action and its outcomes and that is performed when the consequences actually constitute a rewarding goal. The goal-directed system exerts control over habits in light of new information. |
Inhibitory Control | It is a cognitive mechanism that includes exerting control over both goal-directed, reward-seeking (impulsive) and automatic (compulsive) actions. |
Reward | The subjective salience value of a stimulus that has the potential to induce goal directed behavior. |
Incentive salience | A form of non-cognitive wanting triggered by reward-related cues and characteristic of the transition from hedonic to habit like compulsive drug seeking; it is explained by conditioned reinforcement of drug-related cues. |
Relapse | Spontaneous recurrence of a learned behavior (i.e., compulsive drug use) after a given period of extinction. |