Figure 3.

ECM inhibits oxidative stress via the regulation of the MAPK and Nrf2 signaling pathways. The cells were pretreated with 0.5-2 μg/ml ECM and 50 μM vitamin E for 2 h and then exposed to 300 μM tBHP for an additional 1 h. Western blot analysis was performed using antibodies against p-p38, p38, p-ERK, ERK, p-JNK, and GAPDH; β-actin was used as a loading control in SH-SY5Y (a) and PC12 cells (b). Nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins were extracted after treatment, and Nrf2 was detected using Western blot analysis in SH-SY5Y (c) and PC12 cells (d); GAPDH and Lamin B1 were used as loading controls. Western blot analysis was performed using antibodies against HO-1, NQO1, and SOD2 in SH-SY5Y (e) and PC12 cells (f); GAPDH was used as a loading control.