Table 3.
Anxiety, Quality of Life, and Medical Utilization. Significant findings after adjusting for diabetes and insurance type. Effect sizes of 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 indicate small, moderate, and large clinically meaningful effects, respectively.
| Measures | Mean change (SD) | Effect size (Cohen d) | Mixed-effects model | ||||||||||
| Within group (95% CI) | Between group (95% CI) | Beta | SEa | P value | |||||||||
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (n=316) | |||||||||||||
|
|
Active | –1.97 (6.06) | –0.32 (–0.55 to –0.10) | 0.001 (–0.22 to 0.22) | –0.01 | 0.66 | 0.99 | ||||||
|
|
Control | –1.96 (5.75) | –0.34 (–0.56 to –0.12) | ||||||||||
| Short Form Health Survey Mental Composite Score (n=290) | |||||||||||||
|
|
Active | 5.57 (11.08) | 0.50 (0.26 to 0.74) | 0.198 (–0.03 to 0.43) | 2.27 | 1.27 | 0.07 | ||||||
|
|
Control | 3.4 (10.77) | 0.32 (0.09 to 0.54) | ||||||||||
| Short Form Health Survey Physical Composite Score (n=292) | |||||||||||||
|
|
Active | 2.81 (9.07) | 0.31 (0.07 to 0.55) | 0.205 (–0.03 to 0.44) | 1.92 | 1.06 | 0.07 | ||||||
|
|
Control | 0.95 (9.12) | 0.10 (–0.12 to 0.33) | ||||||||||
| High utilizer at 6 months (yes/no) | —b | — | Odds ratio=0.09 | –2.40 | 0.49 | <.001 | |||||||
aSE: standard error.
bNot applicable.