| PAH | pulmonary arterial hypertension |
| hPASMCs | human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells |
| HIF-1α | hypoxia-inducible factor-1α |
| CAPE | caffeic acid phenethyl ester |
| MCT | monocrotaline |
| RVSP | right ventricle systolic pressure |
| LVSP | systolic pressure of left ventricle |
| BrdU | bromodeoxyuridine |
| MTT | 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide |
| PDGF-BB | platelet-derived growth factor |
| MMPs | matrix metalloproteinases |
| TIMPs | tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases |
| VEGF | vascular endothelial growth factor |