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. 2019 Apr 11;10:468. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00468

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Copyright © 2019 Guan, Lin, Liu, Li, Zhou, Mei, Li and Deng.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Autophagy regulates the PCD process upon waterlogging. (A) Confocal images of the detection of cell viability in primary roots of atg mutants in comparison with wild type. Bars = 50 μm. (B) Meristematic and elongation zones of wild-type and atg mutants of FDA staining intensity are quantified by Image pro plus 6.0 software. (C) Trypan blue staining cell death in root of wild-type and atg mutants without treatment or waterlogged for 8 h. Bars = 50 μm. (D) Cell death of the root of wild-type and atg mutants visualized by PI staining. Arrows indicate the cell death. Bars = 50 μm. All of the experiments have been repeated at least three times. Data shown are the mean ± SD (n = 3). ^∗P < 0.05; ^∗∗P < 0.01; ^∗∗∗P < 0.001 by Student’s t-test.