Figure 3.

Enhanced βAR-dependent Epac1 protein levels in the absence of OPN in H9c2 cardiomyocytes (Epac: exchange protein directly activated by cAMP). H9c2 cells were treated with 10 µM isoproterenol (Iso) or vehicle for 24 h in the presence (WT) or absence (KO) of OPN, then cells were harvested and total protein extracts prepared for Epac1 immunoblotting. Representative blots are shown in (A), including GAPDH as loading control, and the densitometric quantitation of three independent experiments per condition performed in duplicate is shown in (B). *, p < 0.05, n = 3.