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. 2019 Mar 13;20(6):1259. doi: 10.3390/ijms20061259

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The effect of two antiepileptic drugs on EV-related genes in the cortex, brainstem, and hippocampus. Microarray gene expression data obtained from the rat brain tissue after a 90-d treatment with levetiracetam or phenytoin was used to construct a rank list for the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. The top100 EV-related proteins from Vesiclepedia (http://microvesicles.org/, accessed on: 1 December 2018) were used as a gene set. (A–C) Levetiracetam treatment did not induce any enrichment of the EV-related genes in any of the brain areas. (D) Phenytoin treatment induced a negative enrichment of EV-related genes in the cortex. The effect was brain-region specific as no enrichment was observed in the brainstem or hippocampus (E,F). Abbreviations: ES, enrichment score; FDR, false discovery rate; fc, fold change.