Table 3.
Anticancer drugs investigated for solid dispersions.
| Anticancer Drugs | Carriers | Methods | Attributes of Modified Anticancer Drugs | Reference | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bicalutamide | PVP K30 | Solvent evaporation | Using PVP K30 as carrier, SD showed the highest cumulative released percentage (about 98% during the initial 10 min) and stability after 6 months | [134] | 2006 |
| Docetaxel | HPMC, PEG | Solvent evaporation | The solubility and dissolution of emulsified SD of docetaxel at 2 h were 34.2- and 12.7-fold higher, respectively, compared to the pure conventional drug | [76] | 2011 |
| Docetaxel | Poloxamer F68/P85 | Freeze-drying | A combination of poloxamer F68 and P85 in the preparation of docetaxel SD not only enhanced solubility, but also improved intestinal permeation | [135] | 2016 |
| Etoposide | PEG | Fusion method | The solubility and dissolution of etoposide in SD were higher in comparison with etoposide alone | [136] | 1993 |
| Everolimus | HPMC | Co-precipitation | At a ratio of drug to HPMC (1:15), drug release from SD was 75% after 30 min, thereby improving oral absorption of everolimus | [137] | 2014 |
| Exemestane | Lipoid® E80S/sodium deoxycholate | Freeze-drying | The exemestane SD showed 4-6-fold increase in absorptive transport compared to the pure drug. In addition, AUC0-72h of exemestane SD was 2.3-fold higher in comparison with that of drug alone | [138] | 2017 |
| Flutamide | PVP K30, PEG, Pluronic F127 | Lyophilization | The dissolution of flutamide was higher (81.64%) than the drug alone (13.45%) using poloxamer 407 as a carrier | [77] | 2010 |
| Lapatinib | Soluplus, poloxamer 188 | Solvent evaporation, hot-melt extrusion | Solubility and dissolution of lapatinib SD were enhanced compared to the drug alone. After 15 min, the drug in SD was released at 92%compared to the drug alone (48%) | [78] | 2018 |
| Letrozole | CO2-menthol | Supercritical fluid | Solubility of letrozole SD using supercritical fluid is 7.1 times higher compared to that of the conventional drug | [139] | 2018 |
| Megestrol acetate | HPMC, Ryoto sugar ester L1695 | Supercritical fluid | The SD with drug: HPMC: Ryoto sugar ester L1695 ratio of 1:2:1 showed over 95% rapid dissolution within 30 min. In addition, AUC and Cmax (0-24h) of drug in SD were 4.0- and 5.5-fold higher, respectively, compared to those in pure drug | [140] | 2015 |
| Oridonin | PVP K17 | Supercritical fluid | The dissolution of oridonin SD significantly increased compared to the original drug. In addition, the absorption of oridonin in SD showed 26.4-fold improvement in BA | [141] | 2011 |
| Paclitaxel | Poloxamer 188, PEG | Fusion method | Paclitaxel SD was successfully prepared, and the drug release from SD was higher than that of the drug alone | [86] | 2013 |
| Paclitaxel | HPMC AS | Solvent method | The solubility and permeability of paclitaxel were not increased simultaneously through supersaturation in vivo | [133] | 2018 |
| Prednisolone | HP-β-CD, PEG, PVP, PEG 4000, MNT, SMP, Cremophor | Solvent evaporation, melting method, kneading method | The in vitro dissolution of prednisolone SD was improved compared with the pure drug | [87] | 2011 |
| Raloxifene | PVP K30 | Spray-drying | The absorption of raloxifene from SD showed 2.6-fold enhanced BA in comparison with the conventional drug | [142] | 2013 |
| Sorafenib | Soluplus | Spray-drying | The Cmax and AUC0-48h of sorafenib in SD formulation increased 1.5- and 1.8-fold, resocetuvely, compared with the pure drug | [143] | 2015 |
| Tamoxifen | Soluplus | Hot-melt extrusion | The dissolution and BA of tamoxifen in SD were improved compared with the drug alone | [105] | 2018 |
| Vemurafenib | HPMC AS | Solvent-controlled precipitation | The BA of vemurafenib in SD was improved 4~5-fold compared to the conventional drug | [144] | 2013 |
HP-β-CD: hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, MNT: mannitol, SMP: skimmed milk powder.