Table 2.
Cardiovascular measures before and after a one-week HFD both fasting and 60 minutes (1 h) post-OGTT.
| Pre-HFD | Post-HFD | p-Value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Fasting | 1 h | Fasting | 1 h | Time | Condition | Interaction |
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 120.2 ± 10 | 116.7 ± 11.6 | 117.3 ± 9 | 113.8 ± 7.9 | 0.07 | 0.14 | 1 |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 72.2 ± 7.6 | 67.8 ± 8.5 | 66.9 ± 8.5 | 65.3 ± 7.2 | 0.14 | 0.06 | 0.46 |
| Mean Arterial Pressure (mmHg) | 88.2 ± 5.4 | 84.1 ± 6.5 | 83.7 ± 7.8 | 81.5 ± 6.6 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.52 |
| Resting Heart Rate (BPM) | 60.0 ± 9.5 | 59.7 ± 12.2 | 56.7 ± 7.7 | 60.8 ± 8.9 | 0.11 | 0.35 | 0.05 |
| Central PWV (m/s) | 5.7 ± 0.5 | 5.8 ± 0.4 | 5.6 ± 0.8 | 5.4 ± 0.5 | 0.59 | 0.16 | 0.34 |
| Peripheral PWV (m/s) | 7.8 ± 1.5 | 7.4 ± 1.2 | 7.1 ± 0.6 | 7.2 ± 1.1 | 0.53 | 0.03 | 0.26 |
| CCA Diameter (cm) | 0.68 ± 0.03 | 0.70 ± 0.03 | 0.69 ± 0.04 | 0.70 ± 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.96 | 0.71 |
| CCA Velocity (cm/s) | 35.52 ± 6.82 | 35.06 ± 4.20 | 34.27 ± 3.86 | 33.48 ± 4.97 | 0.61 | 0.22 | 0.94 |
| CCA Flow (mL/s) | 6.70 ± 1.22 | 6.90 ± 0.80 | 6.54 ± 1.07 | 6.50 ± 1.06 | 0.53 | 0.23 | 0.68 |
| ICA Diameter (cm) | 0.53 ± 0.03 | 0.55 ± 0.04 | 0.52 ± 0.04 | 0.54 ± 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.53 |
| ICA Velocity (cm/s) | 38.61 ± 7.62 | 35.19 ± 3.80 | 38.11 ± 7.79 | 34.86 ± 4.87 | 0.02 | 0.75 | 0.95 |
| ICA Flow (mL/s) | 4.35 ± 1.09 | 4.15 ± 0.82 | 4.00 ± 0.87 | 3.97 ± 0.62 | 0.41 | 0.06 | 0.53 |
| VA Diameter (cm) | 0.40 ± 0.04 | 0.42 ± 0.04 | 0.39 ± 0.04 | 0.41 ± 0.04 | 0.005 | 0.10 | 0.38 |
| VA Velocity (cm/s) | 19.86 ± 4.53 | 19.40 ± 3.94 | 20.33 ± 3.26 | 20.02 ± 3.50 | 0.41 | 0.24 | 0.87 |
| VA Flow (mL/s) | 1.32 ± 0.51 | 1.37 ± 0.53 | 1.26 ± 0.39 | 1.36 ± 0.40 | 0.16 | 0.46 | 0.60 |
mmHG, millimeters of mercury; PWV, pule wave velocity; BPM, beats per minute; m/s, meters per second; cm, centimeters; cm/s, centimeters per second; mL/s, milliliters per second; CCA, common carotid artery; ICA, internal carotid artery; VA, vertebral artery.