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. 2019 Mar 29;19(5):4185–4194. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10105

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Copyright: © Zhang et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Figure 1. — PNE induces depressive-like symptoms in adolescent rats. Pregnant rats were subcutaneously administered 1.0 mg/kg nicotine twice per day from GD9 to 20. The pregnant rats were allowed to deliver spontaneously at term. The offspring were subjected to OFT and SPT at PD29. (A) Immobility time in OFT. (B) Horizontal movement in OFT. (C) Sucrose preference in SPT. The data are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean; n=16–20 offsprings; *P<0.05 vs. control. PNE, prenatal nicotine exposure; GD, gestational day; OFT, open field test; SPT, sucrose preference test; PD, postnatal day.