Table 1:
Participant Demographics, Physical function, Strength, Blood Cell counts, and Bioenergetic Characteristics
| Mean ± SD | Range | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 68.3 ± 3.5 | 65–78 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.8 ± 2.4 | 27.0–34.9 |
| Fast-Paced 400m Walking Speed (m/s) | 1.5 ± 0.2 | 1.1–1.8 |
| Expanded SPPB (range =0–4) | 2.5 ± 0.3 | 2.1–2.9 |
| Knee Extensor Strength (Nm) | 122.0 ± 36.0 | 57.9–179.5 |
| Leg Lean Mass (kg) | 8.3 ± 1.6 | 6.4–11.1 |
| Muscle Quality (Nm/kg) | 12.4 ± 2.5 | 7.6–17.3 |
| Grip Strength (kg) | 35.6 ± 10.7 | 20.0–52.0 |
| Interleukin-6 Level (pg/mL) | 2.2 ± 0.8 | 1.3–3.5 |
| Monocyte Cell Count (per mL whole blood)1 | 486667± 155226 | 300000–900000 |
| Lymphocyte Cell Count (per mL whole blood) | 1826667± 563746 | 500000–2600000 |
| Basal OCR (pmol/min/500,000 cells) | 146.3 ± 51.3 | 59.7–256.1 |
| Maximal OCR (pmol/min/500,000 cells) | 573.1 ± 212.0 | 285.5–980.2 |
| Spare Respiratory Capacity (pmol/min/500,000 cells) | 426.8 ± 167.8 | 183.7–779.2 |
Notes: N=13–15; SPPB = Short Physical Performance Battery; BMI = body mass index, OCR = oxygen consumption rate.
1
Monocyte cell count was square-root transformed to achieve normal distribution in subsequent figures.