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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Feb 5.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Metab. 2018 Dec 27;29(2):443–456.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.12.004

Figure 3. Efferocytic IL-10 Is Fueled by and Requires FAO, Not Glycolysis.

Figure 3.

(A) Apoptotic cells (ACs) were previously cultured in increasing concentrations of fatty-acid-supplemented growth media (μg/L fatty acid per liter), prior to co-cultivation with macrophages/Mᶲ at equivalent ACs to Mᶲ ratios and ELISAs performed. (B) FAO-inhibitor etomoxir (ETO) suppresses AC-induced OCR in efferocytes. (C) IL-10 and TGF-β production in AC-treated Mᶲs ± ETO. (D) IL-10 production in AC-treated Cpt1- and Cpt2-deficient Mᶲs. (E) IL-10 production in AC-treated Mᶲs ± 2-deoxyglucose (2DG). (F) IL-10 production in AC-treated Mᶲs ± glucose-inhibitor UK5099 and IL-1 β production in LPS-treated Mᶲs ± UK5099. 5 mM ATP was added 3 hr after LPS addition. *p < 0.05 versus control.