| CdCl2 | Cadmium chloride |
| BMMSCs | Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells |
| p0 | Primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells |
| Adi-induction | Adipogenic induction |
| Ost-induction | Osteogenic induction |
| Wnt | Wingless-type |
| JAK-STAT | Janus kinase-Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription |
| IGFBP7 | Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 |
| MTT | 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide |
| EdU | 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine |
| ALP | Alkaline phosphatase |
| OCN | Osteocalcin |
| Runx2 | Runt-related transcription factor 2 |
| OSX | Osterix |
| OPN | Osteopontin |
| LEF1 | Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 |
| TCF1 | T cell factor 1 |
| BMD | Bone mineral density |
| ARS | Alizarin red S |
| GO | Gene oncology |
| GSK3 | Glycogen synthase kinase 3 |
| APC | Adenomatosis polyposis coli |