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. 2019 Mar 20;20(6):1409. doi: 10.3390/ijms20061409

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Expression changes of ten ABC transporter genes after pyrethroid treatment for A. sinensis female adults. The ten genes include four genes (AsABCG28, AsABCA5, AsABCC9, and AsABCG7) that are significantly upregulated in RNA-seq and qPCR analyses in different resistant population, and six genes (AsABCB1, AsABCB2, AsABCB3, AsABCB4, AsABCB5, and AsABCC2) that have been reported to be associated with pyrethroid resistance. The expression levels (means ± SD) were determined at 6-h, 12-h, and 24-h postpyrethroid treatment using qPCR with three biological replicates. The samples marked with “*” were significantly differently expressed (p-value < 0.05) compared with the untreated samples at the same time, and the samples without “*” were not significantly differently expressed.