Table 4.
Questionnaire-based primary indicators of effectiveness at baseline (B) and 4 weeks after the intervention (F1) in the intervention (INT) and comparison (COM) group and the differences in change between the groups from B to F1 and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI)
| INT | COM | Between-group difference in change (95% CI)a) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | F1 | B | F1 | ||
| n | 564 | 585 | 751 | 716 | INT = 500; COM = 662 |
| Walking or cycling to school | |||||
| • Walking or cycling as a primary transportation mode to school, n (%) | 302 (53.5) | 273 (46.8) | 398 (53.1) | 347 (48.6) | −2.8 (−6.2 to 0.6) |
| • Weekly number of days walking or cycling to school (0–5 days), mean (SD) | 3.0 (2.3) | 2.8 (2.3) | 3.0 (2.4) | 2.8 (2.4) | −0.0 (−0.2 to 0.2) |
| Leisure PA | |||||
| • Weekly number of days with at least 1 h of brisk leisure PA (0-7 days), mean (SD) | 3.6 (2.0) | 3.7 (1.9) | 3.5 (1.9) | 3.4 (1.9) | 0.3 (0.1 to 0.6)b) |
| • Meeting PA recommendations (yes), n (%)c) | 43 (7.7) | 53 (9.2) | 50 (6.7) | 34 (4.8) | 4.1 (2.5 to 5.7)b) |
| Participation in organized sports (yes), n (%) | 204 (36.6) | 202 (35.1) | 272 (36.9) | 274 (38.8) | −1.0 (−2.1 to 0.1) |
| • Times per week, mean (SD) | 2.4 (2.3) | 2.4 (2.4) | 2.1 (2.1) | 2.2 (2.3) | −0.0 (−0.2 to 0.1) |
| • Weekly duration, mean (SD) | 4.5 (5.5) | 4.6 (5.5) | 3.8 (4.9) | 4.1 (6.0) | −0.0 (− 0.4 to 0.4) |
| Screen time | |||||
| • Weekly number of days with > 2 h of screen time (0–7 days), mean (SD) | 3.2 (2.2) | 3.1 (2.2) | 3.4 (2.2) | 3.4 (2.1) | −0.1 (− 0.3 to 0.1) |
a)Linear mixed models adjusted for age, sex and baseline value; teacher as a random effect. Dichotomous variables were analyzed without adjustments and random effect correction but statistical levels were re-checked with generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) with same adjustments and random effect correction as used in non-dichotomous variables
b)Remained statistically significant after GLMM (p < 0.05)
c)At least 1 h of brisk physical activity on 7 days a week