Table 1.
In situ direct observations of flower visitors and fruit consumers of Oxera
| Flowers | Fruits | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subclade | Species | Flower visitor | Flower type (multivariate analyses) | Fruit consumer | Fruit type (multivariate analyses) | Maximum mericarp length | References |
| Australasian Oxera | Oxera splendida | Actinomorphic | Cassowaries, flying foxes, rats | Potato | 62.5 | Richards (1990), Hutson et al. (1992), Cooper and Cooper (2004) | |
| Pacific Oxera | Oxera amicorum | Honey eater (Myzomela cardinalis, Gymnomyza viridis) | Actinomorphic | Columbidae (Ducula pacifica, Didunculus strigirostris), flying foxes | Rounded | 41.7 | Belcher and Sibson (1982), de Kok (1997), Beichle (1987), Trail (1994), Pillon (pers. obs.) |
| Pacific Oxera | Oxera lehuntei | Honey eater | Actinomorphic | Rounded | 30.5 | de Kok (1997) | |
| “baladica” subclade | Oxera aff. nuda | Paddle | 40.6 | ||||
| “baladica” subclade | Oxera baladica | Honey eater (Glycifohia undulata), Zosteropidae (Zosterops sp.) | Gullet | Paddle | 26.3 | de Kok (1997), Fleurot (pers. obs.) | |
| “baladica” subclade | Oxera doubetiae sp.nov.ined. | Thorny | 40.6 | ||||
| “baladica” subclade | Oxera garoensis sp.nov.ined. | ||||||
| “baladica” subclade | Oxera ounemoae sp.nov.ined. | Thorny | 30.6 | ||||
| “baladica” subclade | Oxera papineaui sp.nov.ined. | Paddle | 25.9 | ||||
| “baladica” subclade | Oxera sessilifolia | Thorny | 40.4 | ||||
| “baladica” subclade | Oxera vanuatuensis | Birds | Gullet | Paddle | 35.0 | de Kok (1997) | |
| “neriifolia” subclade | Oxera neriifolia | Pieridae (Anaphaeis java, Eurema hecabe), Sphingidae (Gnathothlibus erotus, Hippotion scrofa, Hippotion celerio, Psilogramma lifuensis, Compsulyx cochereaui, etc.) | Bilabiate | Rounded | 14.8 | de Kok (1997), Gâteblé and Ouriet (pers. obs.) | |
| “neriifolia” subclade | Oxera ovata | Pieridae (Anaphaeis java), Sphingidae (Gnathothlibus salesnei) | Bilabiate | Rounded | 15.5 | Haxaire and Salesne (2016), de Kok 574 (in herb.) | |
| “neriifolia” subclade | Oxera sororia | Rounded | 13.5 | ||||
| “oblongifolia” subclade | Oxera crassifolia | Rounded | 18.1 | ||||
| “oblongifolia” subclade | Oxera glandulosa | Rounded | 11.4 | ||||
| “oblongifolia” subclade | Oxera oblongifolia | Bilabiate | Sturnidae (Aplonis striatus) | Rounded | 14.6 | de Kok 568 (in herb.) | |
| “oblongifolia” subclade | Oxera oreophila | Lepidoptera | Bilabiate | Rounded | 11.9 | de Kok (1997) | |
| Oxera morierei lineage | Oxera morierei | Honey eater (Glycifohia undulata) | Gullet | Rounded | 16.2 | de Kok (1997) | |
| “pulchella” subclade | Oxera aff. balansae | Rounded | 12.2 | ||||
| “pulchella” subclade | Oxera balansae | Birds | Gullet | Sturnidae (Aplonis striatus) | Rounded | 8.4 | de Kok (1997), Desmoulins (pers. obs.) |
| “pulchella” subclade | Oxera brevicalyx | Honey eater (Glycifohia undulata) | Gullet | Sturnidae (Aplonis striatus) | Rounded | 7.9 | de Kok (1997), Desmoulins (pers. obs.) |
| “pulchella” subclade | Oxera pulchella | Honey eater (Myzolema caledonica), Zosteropidae (Zosterops sp.) | Gullet | Sturnidae (Aplonis striatus) | Rounded | 11.3 | Desmoulins (pers. obs.), Fleurot (pers. obs.) |
| “robusta” subclade | Oxera coriacea | Honey eater (Glycifohia undulata) | Gullet | Rounded | 40.8 | de Kok (1997) | |
| “robusta” subclade | Oxera coronata | Rounded | 29.9 | ||||
| “robusta” subclade | Oxera longifolia | Honey eater (Lichmera incana) | Gullet | Rounded | 37.2 | de Kok (1997) | |
| “robusta” subclade | Oxera palmatinervia | Honey eater (Glycifohia undulata, Philemon diemenensis) | Gullet | Columbidae (Drepanoptila holosericea, Ducula Goliath) | Rounded | 34.0 | de Kok (1997), Bachy (pers. obs.), Desmoulins (pers. obs.) |
| “robusta” subclade | Oxera robusta | Rounded | 35.7 | ||||
| “subverticillata” subclade | Oxera aureocalyx sp.nov.ined. | Paddle | 40.7 | ||||
| “subverticillata” subclade | Oxera merytifolia | Paddle | 32.6 | ||||
| “subverticillata” subclade | Oxera subverticillata | Honey eater (Philemon diemenensis) | Gullet | Paddle | 30.9 | de Kok (1997) | |
| “subverticillata” subclade | Oxera tiwaeana sp.nov.ined. | Paddle | 31.9 | ||||
| “sulfurea” subclade | Oxera gmelinoides | Rounded | 13.8 | ||||
| “sulfurea” subclade | Oxera microcalyx | Honey eater (Glycifohia undulata), Zosteropidae (Zosterops xanthochroa) | Gullet | Rounded | 13.5 | de Kok (1997) | |
| “sulfurea” subclade | Oxera ouameniensis sp.nov.ined. | Rounded | 12.7 | ||||
| “sulfurea” subclade | Oxera pancheri | Rounded | 13.5 | ||||
| “sulfurea” subclade | Oxera rugosa | Rounded | 18.4 | ||||
| “sulfurea” subclade | Oxera sulfurea | Honey eater (Lichmera incana, Myzomela caledonica, Glycifohia undulata) | Gullet | Sturnidae (Aplonis striatus) | Rounded | 11.7 | de Kok (1997), Desmoulins (pers. obs.), Gâteblé (pers. obs.) |