20. Detailed 'Summary of findings' table: pharmacological interventions.
| Outcomes | Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CrI) | Relative effect (95% CrI) | No of participants (studies) | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | |
| Assumed risk | Corresponding risk | ||||
| Control | Intervention | ||||
| Mortality (perioperative) | |||||
| Recombinant factor VIIa vs control | 51 per 1000 |
33 per 1000 (7 to 158) |
OR 0.63 (0.13 to 3.51) |
185 (1 study) |
⊕⊝⊝⊝ Very low1,2,3 |
| Tranexamic acid vs control | There was no mortality in either group. |
214 (1 study) |
⊕⊝⊝⊝ Very low1,2,3 |
||
| Mortality (longest follow‐up) | None of the trials reported this outcome. | ||||
| Serious adverse events (proportion) | |||||
| Anti‐thrombin III vs control | 273 per 1000 |
312 per 1000 (67 to 761) |
OR 1.21 (0.19 to 8.49) |
24 (1 study) |
⊕⊝⊝⊝ Very low1,2,3 |
| Recombinant Factor VIIa vs control | 376 per 1000 |
396 per 1000 (256 to 555) |
OR 1.09 (0.57 to 2.07) |
432 (2 studies) |
⊕⊝⊝⊝ Very low1,2,3 |
| Serious adverse events (number) | |||||
| Recombinant Factor VIIa vs control | 81 per 1000 |
120 per 1000 (68 to 217) |
Rate ratio 1.55 (0.83 to 3.16) |
432 (2 studies) |
⊕⊝⊝⊝ Very low1,2,3 |
| Tranexamic acid vs control | 75 per 1000 |
65 per 1000 (23 to 164) |
Rate ratio 0.85 (0.29 to 2.41) |
214 (1 study) |
⊕⊝⊝⊝ Very low1,2,3 |
| Health‐related quality of life (30 days, 3 months) | None of the trials reported this outcome. | ||||
| Health‐related quality of life (maximal follow‐up) | None of the trials reported this outcome. | ||||
| *The basis for the assumed risk is the mean control group proportion. The corresponding risk (and its 95% credible interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CrI). Network meta‐analysis was not performed for any of the outcomes because of the lack of availability of direct and indirect comparisons in the network. CrI: credible intervals; OR: odds ratio | |||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High quality: Further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect. Moderate quality: Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate. Low quality: Further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and is likely to change the estimate. Very low quality: We are very uncertain about the estimate. | |||||
1 Risk of bias was unclear or high in the trial(s) (downgraded by 1 point). 2 Sample size was low (total number of participants fewer than 400 for continuous outcomes and fewer than 300 events in total in both groups for other outcomes) (downgraded by 1 point). 3 Credible intervals spanned no effect and clinically significant effect (20% relative risk reduction for binary outcomes; standardised mean difference of 0.5 for health‐related quality of life) (downgraded by 1 point).