Jarnagin 2008.

Methods	Randomised clinical trial
Participants	Country: USA Number randomised: 135 Postrandomisation dropouts: 5 (3.7%) Revised sample size: 130 Average age: 53 years Women: 61 (46.9%) Number of cirrhotics: not stated Number of major liver resections: 130 (100%) Number of right hepatectomies: 53 (40.8%) Follow‐up (months): 3 Further details of methods of liver resection Vascular occlusion: intermittent portal triad clamping Parenchymal transection: not stated Fibrin glue: not stated Pharmacological methods: not stated Cardiopulmonary methods: factor being randomised Autologous transfusion: not stated Inclusion criteria Adult patients (> 18 years) undergoing elective major liver resection Preoperative Hb ≥ 11 g/dL for men and ≥ 10 g/dL for women Exclusion criteria Active coronary artery disease (exceptions for cardiac stress study showing no reversible ischaemia within 30 d) History of cerebrovascular disease History of congestive heart failure Uncontrolled hypertension Restrictive or obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Renal dysfunction Abnormal coagulation parameters Presence of active infection Evidence of hepatic metabolic disorder Preoperative autologous blood donation
Interventions	Participants were randomly assigned to 2 groups. Group 1: acute normovolemic haemodilution plus low central venous pressure (n = 63) Group 2: low central venous pressure (n = 67) Acute normovolemic haemodilution: blood was withdrawn and replaced by colloids and crystalloids to reach a haemocrit target of 8 gm/dL Low central venous pressure was maintained < 5 H20 using fluid restriction and pharmacologic manipulation
Outcomes	The outcomes reported were: short‐term mortality, proportion of people with serious adverse events, proportion of people with any adverse events, operative blood loss, proportion of people with major blood loss, proportion of people requiring blood transfusion, quantity of blood transfused (red cell transfusion or whole blood), quantity of blood transfused (fresh frozen plasma), length of hospital stay, and operating time.
Notes	Reasons for postrandomisation dropouts: not clearly stated
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Quote: "The generation of the randomization sequences was performed in the Office of Clinical Research at Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) by a statistician completely blinded to patient clinical data ". Comment: the method of random sequence generation was not reported.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Comment: this information was not available.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Comment: this information was not available.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Comment: this information was not available.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	Comment: there were postrandomisation dropouts.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Comment: mortality and morbidity were reported.
Vested interest bias	Unclear risk	Comment: this information was not available.
Other bias	Low risk	Comment: no other bias