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. 2019 Apr 1;215:634–649. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.056

Table 6.

Life cycle environmental impacts – impacts refer to the defined FU (one LMO–NMC battery pack).

Impact category Total (without credits) Recycling credits
CED (MJ) 7.57E+04 −5.85E+03
ADP (kgSbeq) 7.75E–02 −1.27E–02
GWP (kgCO2eq) 4.52E+03 −3.60E+02
ODP (kgCFC-11eq) 3.85E–04 −2.52E–05
HT-nce (CTUh) 2.54E–03 −5.75E–04
HT-ce (CTUh) 4.53E–04 −1.76E–04
PM (kg PM2.5eq) 2.92E+00 −5.02E–01
IR-hh (kBqU235eq) 6.89E+02 −4.49E+01
POFP (kgNMVOCeq) 1.32E+01 −1.56E+00
AP (molH+eq) 3.62E+01 −6.32E+00
EUT (molNeq) 4.31E+01 −5.01E+00
EUF (kgPeq) 2.67E+00 −4.21E–01
EUM (kgNeq) 7.04E+00 −1.90E+00
EFw (CTUe) 1.93E+05 −1.69E+04