| 1 Service use: 1. Average number of days in hospital per month ‐ by about 24 months |
21 |
2220 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.08 [‐0.37, 0.21] |
| 1.1 skewed data (sample size ≧ 200) |
3 |
694 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.58 [‐1.93, 0.76] |
| 1.2 skewed data (sample size < 200) |
18 |
1526 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.03 [‐0.33, 0.28] |
| 2 Service use: 1a. Average number of days in hospital per month ‐ by medium/long term follow up (skewed data, sample size ≧ 200) |
1 |
|
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 2.1 by medium term FUP (18 months) |
1 |
237 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.60 [‐1.25, 2.45] |
| 2.2 by long term FUP (8.5 years) |
1 |
203 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.80 [‐1.47, 3.07] |
| 3 Service use: 2. Not remaining in contact with psychiatric services |
4 |
|
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 3.1 by medium term |
1 |
73 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.27 [0.08, 0.87] |
| 3.2 by long term |
3 |
1182 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.82 [0.34, 1.98] |
| 3.3 by medium term FUP (18 months) |
1 |
251 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.42 [0.17, 1.05] |
| 4 Service use: 3a. Admitted to hospital ‐ by long term |
3 |
1132 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.91 [0.75, 1.12] |
| 5 Service use: 3b. Average number of admissions (skewed data ‐sample size ≧ 200) |
2 |
|
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 5.1 ‐ by long term (24 months) |
1 |
678 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.18 [‐0.41, 0.05] |
| 5.2 by medium term FUP (18 months) |
1 |
237 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.10 [‐0.60, 0.40] |
| 5.3 by long term FUP (8.5 years) |
1 |
203 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
1.0 [‐0.25, 2.25] |
| 6 Service use: 3c. Average number of admissions (skewed data) ‐ by medium term |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 7 Adverse event: 1a. Death ‐ any cause |
7 |
|
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 7.1 by short term |
1 |
193 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 7.2 by medium term |
3 |
294 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
2.92 [0.12, 69.43] |
| 7.3 by long term |
5 |
1637 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.90 [0.46, 1.75] |
| 7.4 by medium term FUP (18 months) |
1 |
251 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.98 [0.32, 2.95] |
| 7.5 by long term FUP (8.5 years) |
1 |
251 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.15 [0.63, 2.09] |
| 8 Adverse event: 1b. Death ‐ suicide |
8 |
|
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 8.1 by short term |
1 |
193 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 8.2 by medium term |
6 |
929 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.61 [0.26, 9.85] |
| 8.3 by long term |
3 |
1152 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.88 [0.27, 2.84] |
| 8.4 by medium term FUP (18 months) |
1 |
251 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.33 [0.03, 3.09] |
| 9 Global state: 1. Leaving the study early |
9 |
2195 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.72 [0.52, 0.99] |
| 9.1 by medium term |
2 |
225 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.64 [0.13, 3.07] |
| 9.2 by long term |
7 |
1970 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.70 [0.52, 0.95] |
| 10 Global state: 2a. Average endpoint score (HoNOS, high = poor) ‐ by long term |
1 |
239 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.40 [‐1.77, 0.97] |
| 11 Global state: 2b. Average endpoint score (HoNOS, high = poor) ‐ skewed data |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 11.1 medium term |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 11.2 long term |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 12 Global state: 3a. Not compliant with medication ‐ by medium term |
1 |
73 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.14 [0.42, 3.05] |
| 13 Global state: 3b. Compliance with medication ‐ average endpoint sub‐scale score (ROMI) ‐ by long term |
1 |
|
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 13.1 compliance sub‐scale (high = good) |
1 |
239 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.60 [‐0.05, 1.25] |
| 13.2 non‐compliance sub‐scale (high = poor) |
1 |
239 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.60 [‐1.63, 0.43] |
| 14 Global state: 3c. Compliance with medication ‐ average endpoint sub‐scale score (ROMI, score 1‐3, skewed data) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 14.1 medium term ‐ compliance sub‐scale (high = good) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 14.2 medium term ‐ non‐compliance sub‐scale (high = poor) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 14.3 long term ‐ compliance sub‐scale (high = good) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 14.4 long term ‐ non‐compliance sub‐scale (high = poor) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 15 Social functioning: 1. Contact with legal system (various measurements) |
3 |
|
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 15.1 by medium term ‐ contact with the police |
1 |
73 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.32 [0.04, 2.97] |
| 15.2 by long term ‐ imprisoned |
2 |
959 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.15 [0.64, 2.08] |
| 15.3 by long term ‐ arrested |
1 |
251 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.87 [0.53, 1.42] |
| 15.4 by medium term FUP (18 months) ‐ imprisoned |
1 |
251 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.07 [0.47, 2.44] |
| 15.5 by long term FUP (8.5 years) ‐ imprisoned |
1 |
214 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.7 [0.43, 1.14] |
| 16 Social functioning 2. Employment status (various measurements) |
2 |
|
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 16.1 spent >1 day employed ‐ by medium term |
1 |
73 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.46 [0.45, 4.74] |
| 16.2 on paid employment ‐ by medium term |
1 |
73 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.97 [0.14, 6.54] |
| 16.3 unemployed ‐ by long term FUP (8.5 years) |
1 |
214 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.10 [0.91, 1.34] |
| 17 Social functioning: 3a. Accommodation status (various measurements) |
2 |
|
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 17.1 by medium term ‐ living in supported accommodation |
1 |
73 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
2.59 [0.75, 9.01] |
| 17.2 by long term ‐ homelessness |
1 |
251 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.69 [0.34, 1.38] |
| 17.3 by medium term FUP (18 months) ‐ living independently |
1 |
251 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.98 [0.84, 1.13] |
| 17.4 by medium term FUP (18 months) ‐ living in supported accomodation |
1 |
251 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.83 [0.38, 1.77] |
| 17.5 by medium term FUP (18 months) ‐ homelessness |
1 |
251 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.84 [0.47, 1.49] |
| 17.6 by long term FUP (8.5 years) ‐ living in supported accomodation |
1 |
214 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.05 [0.75, 1.48] |
| 17.7 by long term FUP (8.5 years) ‐ homelessness |
1 |
214 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.92 [0.55, 1.53] |
| 18 Social functioning: 3b. Accommodation status ‐ average days per month in stable accommodation |
2 |
|
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 18.1 by short term |
1 |
203 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.20 [‐2.48, 2.08] |
| 18.2 by medium term |
1 |
203 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.10 [‐2.15, 2.35] |
| 18.3 by long term |
2 |
901 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.19 [‐1.37, 1.00] |
| 19 Social functioning: 4a. Substance abuse ‐ by long term |
2 |
|
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 19.1 alcohol abuse |
1 |
251 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.10 [0.67, 1.83] |
| 19.2 illicit drug abuse |
1 |
251 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.08 [0.69, 1.71] |
| 19.3 alcohol ‐ remission from alcohol use disorder (AUS score < 3) |
1 |
223 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.86 [0.65, 1.14] |
| 20 Social functioning: 4b. Substance abuse ‐ average endpoint score (SATS, low = poor) |
1 |
|
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 20.1 by short term |
1 |
203 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.07 [‐0.28, 0.42] |
| 20.2 by medium term |
1 |
203 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.11 [‐0.55, 0.33] |
| 20.3 by long term |
1 |
203 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.11 [‐0.41, 0.63] |
| 21 Social functioning: 4c. Alcohol ‐ abuse (various measurements, skewed data) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 21.1 short term ‐ days using alcohol during previous 6 months (TLFB) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 21.2 short term ‐ average endpoint score (AUS, high = poor) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 21.3 medium term ‐ days using alcohol during previous 6 months (TLFB) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 21.4 medium term ‐ average endpoint score (AUS, high = poor) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 21.5 long term ‐ days using alcohol during previous 6 months (TLFB) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 21.6 long term ‐ average endpoint score (AUS, high = poor) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 22 Social functioning: 5a. Average endpoint score (LSP, high = poor) ‐ by long term |
1 |
239 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
4.0 [‐0.61, 8.61] |
| 23 Social functioning: 5b. Average endpoint score (SFQ, high = poor) ‐ skewed data |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 23.1 by medium term |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 23.2 by long term |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 24 Mental state: 1a. General symptoms ‐ average endpoint score (various scales) |
2 |
|
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 24.1 by short term (BPRS‐24 items, high = poor) |
1 |
203 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.65 [‐3.99, 2.69] |
| 24.2 by medium term (BPRS‐24 items, high = poor) |
1 |
203 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐1.62 [‐4.76, 1.52] |
| 24.3 by long term (BPRS‐24 items, high = poor) |
1 |
203 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.22 [‐3.32, 2.88] |
| 24.4 by long term (CPRS, high = poor) |
1 |
595 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.40 [‐1.83, 2.63] |
| 25 Mental state: 1b. General symptoms ‐ average endpoint scores (various scales, skewed data) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 25.1 by medium term (Krawiecka Scale, high = poor) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 25.2 by long term (Krawiecka Scale, high = poor) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 25.3 by long term (BPRS 24‐items, high = good) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 26 Mental state: 2a. Specific symptoms: negative symptoms ‐ average endpoint score (SANS, high = poor) ‐ by long term |
1 |
593 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.20 [‐2.32, 2.72] |
| 27 Mental state: 2b. Specific symptoms ‐ average endpoint scores (various scales, skewed data) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 27.1 medium term ‐ anxiety (HADS, high = poor) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 27.2 medium term ‐ depression (HADS, high = poor) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 27.3 long term ‐ anxiety (HADS, high = poor) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 27.5 long term ‐ depression (HADS, high = poor) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 28 Behaviour: 1. Specific behaviour (various measurements) |
3 |
|
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 28.1 by medium term ‐ harm to self or others |
1 |
73 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.88 [0.40, 1.90] |
| 28.2 by long term ‐ self‐harm |
2 |
959 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.00 [0.69, 1.46] |
| 28.3 by long term ‐ injury/assault to others |
2 |
959 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.09 [0.85, 1.40] |
| 28.4 by medium term FUP (18 months) ‐ self harm |
1 |
251 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.85 [0.44, 1.67] |
| 28.5 by medium term FUP (18 months) ‐ injury/assualt to others |
1 |
251 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.35 [0.87, 2.10] |
| 28.6 by long term FUP (8.5 years) ‐ self harm |
1 |
214 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.81 [0.51, 1.27] |
| 28.7 by long term FUP (8.5 years) ‐ injury/assault to others |
1 |
214 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.95 [0.83, 1.09] |
| 29 Quality of life: 1. Average endpoint score (various scales) |
3 |
|
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 29.1 by short term ‐ overall life satisfaction (QOLI, high = better) |
1 |
203 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.02 [‐0.43, 0.39] |
| 29.2 by medium term ‐ overall life satisfaction (QOLI, high = better) |
1 |
203 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.04 [‐0.43, 0.35] |
| 29.3 by long term (LQoLP, high = better) |
1 |
526 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.03 [‐0.10, 0.16] |
| 29.4 by long term (MANSA, range 1‐7, high = better) |
1 |
166 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.10 [‐0.19, 0.39] |
| 29.5 by long term ‐ overall life satisfaction (QOLI, high = better) |
1 |
203 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.10 [‐0.25, 0.45] |
| 30 Participant satisfaction/need: 1. Average endpoint scores (various scale) ‐ by long term |
1 |
|
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 30.1 Patient need: CAN (high = poor) |
1 |
585 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.29 [‐0.69, 0.11] |
| 30.2 Patient Satisfaction with Health Services (high = poor) |
1 |
490 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
‐0.40 [‐1.25, 0.45] |
| 31 Participants need: 1. Average endpoint scores (various scales, skewed data) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 31.1 by medium term (CAN, high = poor) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 31.2 by long term (CAN, high = poor) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 31.3 by long term (CANSAS, high = poor) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 32 Participant satisfaction: 1. Average endpoint scores (CSQ‐modified, high = better, skewed data) ‐ by long term |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 33 Costs: 1. Direct costs of psychiatric hospital care (skewed data) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 33.3 by medium term |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 33.4 by long term |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 34 Costs: 2a. Direct costs of all care ‐ by long term (2 years). Unit cost GBP, fiscal year 1997/98 |
1 |
|
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 35 Costs: 2b. Direct costs of all care ‐ by medium term (skewed data) |
|
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 36 Costs: 3. Total costs of care per patient ‐ Unit cost GBP |
2 |
|
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
Subtotals only |
| 36.1 by 24 months, fiscal year 1997/98 |
1 |
667 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1849.0 [‐1598.23, 5296.23] |
| 36.2 by 18 months, fiscal year 2003/2004 ( GBP 1 = USD 1.58) |
1 |
243 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
4031.00 [‐2724.13, 10786.13] |
