Rosenheck‐USA‐NP.

Methods	Rosenheck‐USA‐NP refers to 4 Neuropsychiatric centres (NP) pooled together (centre C, E, G, H). Methods: see above Rosenheck‐USA 1993.
Participants	Participants: see above Rosenheck‐USA 1993. Following data are specific for Rosenheck‐USA‐NP: N = 345. Setting: Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) ‐ 4 NP centres enrolled in the Intensive Psychiatric Community Care programme. NP centres are large facilities providing long‐term mental health care in suburban or rural settings. History*: i. current inpatient in VA psychiatric unit, ii. no primary diagnosis of substance abuse or organic brain disease, iii. recent high user of psychiatric care (defined as i. ≧ 180 days in hospital or ii. ≧ 4 admissions in the previous year), iv. written consent.
Interventions	1. ICM: Intensive Psychiatric Community Care programme, providing ACT intervention according to Stein and Test model. Caseload: average 1:7‐15. N = 183. 2. Standard care: routine care from psychiatric services provided by Veterans Affairs, including inpatient and outpatient psychiatric treatment, psychopharmacological treatment, and rehabilitation service. N = 162.
Outcomes	Service use: average number of days in hospital per month**. Global state: GAS. Mental state: BPRS‐18 item, BSI. Costs: direct costs of health care.
Notes	*Characteristic at baseline differs between NP sites regarding inpatient days before programme entry. Difference was attributable to site C. To compensate for this imbalance, the authors made an adjustment. The adjusted value was used in all the calculations, but the results they yielded did not differ substantially from those obtained with unadjusted value. **Entered in the meta‐analysis.