Table 1. Validity and reliability of cognitive measures used in treatment efficacy studies of Alzheimer’s Dementia (n = 29).
| Name of Scale (YR) | Validity | Reliability | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Face/Content | Construct | Concurrent | Predictive | Convergent | Discriminant | Internal consistency | Test-retest | Inter-rater | |
| ADAS (1984)[13] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
| ADAS-Cog (1984)[13] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
| ADAS-OT (1984)[13] | ✓ | ||||||||
| ASHA-FACS (2008)[39] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
| BDS (1968)[40] | ✓ | ||||||||
| CAMCOG (1986)[41] | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||
| CDR (1988)[42] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
| CDR-SB (1988)[43, 44] |
✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
| CDT (1989)[45] | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||
| CERAD-cog (1989)[46] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
| COWAT (1996)[33] | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||
| DWRT (1989)[36] | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||
| FAB (2000)[25] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||
| FLCI (1994)[34, 35] | ✓ | ||||||||
| GDS (1982)[26] | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||
| GMLT (2008)[27, 28] | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||
| MMSE (1975)[12] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
| RAVLT (1988)[47] | ✓ | ||||||||
| RCM (1989)[36] | ✓ | ||||||||
| ROCF-copy (1990)[29–31] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||
| ROCF-recall (1990)[31] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
| SIB (1997)[14] | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||
| SKT (1992)[48] | ✓ | ||||||||
| SR (2011)[49] | ✓ | ||||||||
| TMT (1958)[50, 51] | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||
| TMT-A (1958)[51] | ✓ | ||||||||
| WLMT (1993) [37, 38] | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||
| WMS (1990)[32] | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||
| ZVT (1985)[52] | ✓ | ||||||||
Abbreviations: ADAS Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale; ADAS-Cog Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale- Cognitive subscale; ADAS-OT Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale—Orientation Test; ASHA-FACS American Speech-Language Hearing Association- Functional Assessment of Communication Skills for Adults Basic needs and social communication subscales; BDS Blessed Dementia Scale; CAMCOG Cambridge Cognitive Examination; CDR Clinical Dementia Rating Scale; CDR-SB Clinical Dementia Rating Scale–Sum of Boxes; CDT Clock Drawing Test; CERARD-cog Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease–cog subscale; COWAT Controlled Oral Word Association Test; DWR Delayed word recall; FAB Frontal Assessment Battery; FLCI Functional Linguistic Communication Inventory; GDS Global Deterioration Scale; GMLT Groton Maze Learning Task; MMSE Mini Mental State Exam; RAVLT Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test; RCM Raven Colored Matrices; ROCF-recall Rey-Osterrieth complex figure recall; ROCF-copy Rey-Osterrieth complex figure copy; SIB Severe Impairment Battery; SR Story Recall; SKT Syndrome Kurtz test; TMT Trail Making Test; TMT-A Trail Making Test A; WLMT Wechsler Logical Memory Test; YR year ZVT Zahlen–Verbindungs Test. NOTE: Year reported is based on the earliest published paper reporting on validity or reliability for each outcome measure. Validity data for the following scales/measures could not be located: Digit Span; Digit Symbols test, Stroop Test; Stockholm Gerontology Research Center test; Verbal Fluency, Clock Recognition, Stockholm Gerontology Research Center test- D-prime value; Word Paradigm–free recall; Cambridge Automated Neuropsychiatric Test Assessment Battery; Cognitive Drug Research Test Battery; Category Fluency Test; Computerized Memory Battery Test; Forced Delayed Recognition; Immediate Visual Memory; Multiple Feature Target Cancellation; Non-Demanding Test of Visual Attention; NYU Stories Test- Delayed Recognition Subscale; Oral Production Test, Reading and Setting a Clock Test; Serial Reaction Time Task; Spatial Span; Test of Constructional Praxis; Temporal Rule Induction; Token Test, Visual Motor Gestalt Test; Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale; Word Fluency; and Word Learning