Table 3. Multivariable hierarchical logistic regression analysis of factors associated with home death* (n = 62,951).
| Variables | Model I | Model II | Model III | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% C.I. | OR | 95% C.I. | OR | 95% C.I. | |
| Individual factors | ||||||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| [21–34] | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
| 35–44 | 1.44 | 1.21–1.71 | 1.46 | 1.13–1.89 | 1.44 | 1.11–1.87 |
| 45–54 | 1.55 | 1.33–1.80 | 1.63 | 1.29–2.07 | 1.55 | 1.22–1.96 |
| 55–64 | 1.85 | 1.60–2.13 | 2.12 | 1.69–2.67 | 2.04 | 1.62–2.57 |
| 65–74 | 2.13 | 1.85–2.46 | 2.59 | 2.07–3.25 | 2.48 | 1.98–3.12 |
| 75–84 | 2.55 | 2.22–2.94 | 3.41 | 2.72–4.28 | 3.28 | 2.61–4.12 |
| ≥85 | 3.22 | 2.79–3.71 | 4.59 | 3.66–5.76 | 4.45 | 3.55–5.59 |
| Sex | ||||||
| [Male] | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
| Female | 1.28 | 1.23–1.31 | 1.22 | 1.18–1.27 | 1.21 | 1.16–1.25 |
| Ethnic group | ||||||
| [Non-Malay] | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
| Malay | 1.65 | 1.57–1.72 | 1.91 | 1.82–2.01 | 1.91 | 1.82–2.01 |
| Clinical factors | ||||||
| Cause of death | ||||||
| [Malignant neoplasm] | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.42 | 1.25–1.62 | 1.93 | 1.69–2.20 | ||
| Heart & hypertensive disease | 0.36 | 0.34–0.38 | 0.51 | 0.48–0.54 | ||
| Cerebrovascular disease | 0.90 | 0.85–0.96 | 1.28 | 1.19–1.36 | ||
| Lung & respiratory disease | 0.39 | 0.37–0.41 | 0.54 | 0.51–0.57 | ||
| Charlson comorbid index | ||||||
| [≤1] | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | ||
| = 2 | 0.63 | 0.59–0.68 | 0.62 | 0.57–0.66 | ||
| ≥3 | 0.45 | 0.43–0.47 | 0.42 | 0.40–0.44 | ||
| System factors | ||||||
| Number of hospitalisations in 30–90 days before death | 0.92 | 0.90–0.94 | ||||
| Recorded home death preference | ||||||
| [No] | 1.00 | - | ||||
| Yes | 5.08 | 3.96–6.51 | ||||
| Home palliative care use | ||||||
| [No] | 1.00 | - | ||||
| Yes | 3.45 | 3.26–3.66 | ||||
*adjusted for the year that the death occurred; [.]: Reference group; OR: odds ratio; CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; CI: confidence interval