Table 2: Demographic and laboratory comparisons between Lewy body and non-Lewy body groups with neurogenic orthostatic hypotension.
Tabulated are mean values (± SEM), with the numbers of patients in parentheses. Also shown are percentages of patients among those with available data.
| Parameter | Lewy | Non-Lewy | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 71.3 ± 2.1 (16) | 58.1 ± 4.7 (11) | 0.00862 |
| Sex (M/F) | 9/7 | 6/5 | n.s. |
| Co-localization index | 2.70 ± 0.22 (16) | -0.12 ± 0.32 (11) | <0.0001 |
| AS (Arrector Pili) | 7.43 ± 1.03 (14) | 0.20 ± 0.08 (11) | <0.0001 |
| AS (Blood vessel)) | 5.27 ± 0.50 (16) | 0.41 ± 0.16 (11) | <0.0001 |
| AS (Sweat gland) | 10.07 ± 1.86 (15) | 0.34 ± 0.09 (11) | <0.0001 |
| AS/SMA (Arrector Pili) | 0.27 ± 0.05 (15) | 0.02 ± 0.01 (11) | <0.0001 |
| AS/SMA (Blood vessel) | 0.32 ± 0.10 (16) | 0.04 ± 0.01 (11) | <0.0001 |
| AS/SMA (Sweat gland) | 0.71 ± 0.12 (15) | 0.06 ± 0.03 (11) | <0.0001 |
| AS/TH (Arrector Pili) | 0.73 ± 0.08 (15) | 0.04 ± 0.01 (11) | <0.0001 |
| AS/TH (Blood vessel) | 0.80 ± 0.15 (16) | 0.11 ± 0.03 (11) | <0.0001 |
| AS/TH (Sweat gland) | 1.09 ± 0.12 (15) | 0.11 ± 0.03 (11) | <0.0001 |
| UPSIT (out of 40) | 18.8 ± 1.6 (16) | 32.0 ± 1.0 (11) | <0.0001 |
| Cortical atrophy on MRI | 86% (14) | 0% (9) | <0.0001 |
| Septum 18F-DA (nCi-kg/cc-mCi) | 3,501 ± 378 (16) | 10,814 ± 1,168 (11) | <0.0001 |
| Free Wall 18F-DA (nCi-kg/cc-mCi) | 3,080 ± 247 (16) | 9,476 ± 1,298 (11) | <0.0001 |
| CSF DHPG (pmol/mL) | 9.92 ± 0.87 (15) | 6.32 ± 0.96 (9) | 0.01403 |
| CSF NE (pmol/mL) | 0.78 ± 0.12 (15) | 0.35 ± 0.13 (9) | 0.03347 |
| 18F-DOPA P/A PUT | 0.80 ± 0.03 (16) | 0.89 ± 0.04 (10) | n.s. |
| UPDRS (off levodopa, max. 171) | 31.1 ± 5.7 (15) | 30.9 ± 7.8 (10) | n.s. |
| MoCA (max. 30) | 25.9 ± 1.0 (14) | 26.7 ± 0.6 (11) | n.s. |
| 18F-DOPA PUT/OCC | 2.83 ± 0.25 (16) | 2.87 ± 0.29 (10) | n.s. |
| 18F-DOPA PUT Washout % | 22 ± 32% (16) | 20 ± 4% (10) | n.s. |
| CSF DOPA (pmol/mL) | 3.37 ± 0.24 (15) | 2.85 ± 0.51 (9) | n.s. |
| CSF DOPAC (pmol/mL) | 1.28 ± 0.11 (15) | 1.10 ± 0.191 (9) | n.s. |
| Plasma NE (pmol/mL) | 1.04 ± 0.11 (16) | 1.35 ± 0.36 (11) | n.s. |
| Plasma DHPG (pmol/mL) | 3.95 ± 0.34 (16) | 5.43 ± 1.12 (11) | n.s. |
| Plasma DOPA (pmol/mL) | 8.81 ± 1.13 (16) | 8.62 ± 1.23 (11) | n.s. |
| Plasma DOPAC (pmol/mL) | 8.33 ± 0.92 (16) | 8.38 ± 1.35 (11) | n.s. |
| Skin NE (pmol/mg) | 0.082 ± 0.019 (14) | 0.047 ± 0.020 (10) | n.s. |
| Skin DHPG (pmol/mg) | 0.002 ± 0.001 (12) | 0.003 ± 0.001 (8) | n.s. |
| Skin DOPA (pmol/mg) | 0.062 ± 0.031 (14) | 0.042 ± 0.017 (10) | n.s. |
Abbreviations: 18F-DA=18F-dopamine; AS=alpha-synuclein; CSF=cerebrospinal fluid; DHPG=3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol; DOPAC=3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; MoCA=Montreal Cognitive Assessment; MRI=magnetic resonance imaging; NE=norepinephrine; P/A=posterior/anterior ratio; SMA=smooth muscle actin; TH=tyrosine hydroxylase; PUT/OCC=putamen/occipital cortex ratio; UPDRS=Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; UPSIT=University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test