Table 4.
Some of the studies on effect of salinity and AMF on photosynthesis in plants.
| S. No. | Salt level (mM NaCl) | Plant (Family) | Fungus∗ | Parameters | Effects | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salinity | AMF on salt stressed plants | ||||||
| 1. | 0, 75 | Cucumis sativus (Cucurbitaceae) | Gigaspora rosea BEG9 | Fv/Fm and photosynthetic performance index | Decreased | Increased | Gamalero et al., 2010 |
| 2. | 0, 100 | Citrus tangerine (Rutaceae) | Glomus mosseae and Paraglomus occultum | Net photosynthetic rate, E, and Gs | Decreased | Increased | Wu et al., 2010 |
| 3. | 0, 50, 100, 200 | Capsicum annum (Solanaceae) | Glomus intraradices | Chl content | Decreased | Increased | Beltrano et al., 2013 |
| 4. | 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 | Medicago sativa (Fabaceae) | Glomus viscosum | Chl content, Gs, and stomatal density | Decreased | Increased | Campanelli et al., 2013 |
| 5. | 0, 75, 150 | Oryza sativa (Poaceae) | Claroideoglomus etunicatum | Plant gas-exchange parameters, photosynthetic pigments, RuBisCO activity and gene expression | Increased- iWUE, ΦNPQ, and expression of rbcS gene Decreased- Gs, net photosynthetic rate, E, ΦPSII, and expression of rbcL gene |
Increased- Gs, net photosynthetic rate, E, iWUE, ΦPSII, RuBisCO activity Decreased- ΦNPQ and expression of rbcS and rbcL gene |
Porcel et al., 2015 |
| 6. | 0, 75 | Populus cathayana (Salicaceae) | Rhizophagus irregularis | Net photosynthetic rate, Gs, Ci, and E | Decreased | Increased- Net photosynthetic rate and Ci only | Wu et al., 2015 |
| 7. | 0, 60, 80, 100 | Cicer arietinum (Fabaceae) | Funneliformis mosseae | Photosynthetic pigments and RuBisCO activity | Decreased | Increased | Garg and Bhandari, 2016b |
| 8. | 0, 100, 200 | Leymus chinensis (Poaceae) | G. mosseae | Plant gas-exchange parameters | Decreased- Net photosynthetic rate, Ci, and Gs | Increased- Net photosynthetic rate, Ci, and Gs | Lin et al., 2017 |
| 9. | 0, 200 | C. sativus (Cucurbitaceae) | C. etunicatum, Rhizoglomus intraradices, and G. mosseae | Photosynthetic pigments and Gs | Decreased | Increased | Hashem et al., 2018 |
| 10. | 0, 150, 300 | Zea mays (Poaceae) | Glomus tortuosum | Plant gas-exchange parameters and photosynthetic pigments | Increased- Chl a:b, F0, and Ci Decreased- Chl a, Chl b, Chl a + b, Fm, Fv/Fm, Fv/F0, net photosynthetic rate, Gs, E, and RuBisCO activity |
Increased- Chl a, Chl b, Chl a + b, Fm, Fv/Fm, Fv/F0, net photosynthetic rate, Gs, E, and RuBisCO activity Decreased- Chl a:b, F0, and Ci |
Xu et al., 2018 |
∗Nomenclature of the fungus is as per the name used in the cited papers. Fv/Fm, quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII); E, transpiration rate; Gs, stomatal conductance; Chl, chlorophyll; iWUE, intrinsic water use efficiency; RuBisCO, ribulose 1,6-bis phosphate carboxylase/oxidase; ΦNPQ, quantum yield of non-photochemical quenching; rbcS, gene encoding small RuBisCO subunit; rbcL, gene encoding large RuBisCO subunit; ΦPSII, quantum efficiency of photosystem II; Ci, intercellular carbon dioxide content; F0, primary fluorescence; Fm, maximal fluorescence; Fv/F0, potential photochemical efficiency.