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. 2019 Apr 12;10:687. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00687

Table 1.

Antimicrobial classes and resistance breakpoints of drugs used between 2004 and 2012 in the antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Escherichia coli isolated from chicken carcasses and chicken retail meat by the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System.

Class Drug Abbreviation Years Tested Resistance Breakpoint
β-lactams Ampicillin AMP 2004–2012 ≥32
Amoxicillin–Clavulanic Acid AMC 2004–2012 ≥32
Ceftriaxone AXO 2004–2012 ≥4
Cefoxitin FOX 2004–2012 ≥32
Ceftiofur TIO 2004–2012 ≥8
Aminoglycosides Amikacin AMI 2004–2010 ≥64
Gentamicin GEN 2004–2012 ≥16
Kanamycin KAN 2004–2012 ≥64
Streptomycin STR 2004–2012 ≥64
Sulfonamides Trimethoprim–Sulfamethoxazole COT 2004–2012 ≥4
Sulfisoxazole FIS 2004–2012* ≥512
Quinolones Ciprofloxacin CIP 2004–2012 ≥1
Nalidixic Acid NAL 2004–2012 ≥32
Tetracyclines Tetracycline TET 2004–2012 ≥16
Phenicols Chloramphenicol CHL 2004–2012 ≥32
Macrolides Azithromycin AZI 2011–2012 ≥32
*

Except 2007 slaughter isolates.