Greene 2002.
Methods | CBA | |
Participants | 1400 children from 64 classrooms (grades 1 to 3) in the US. Number of participants: 735 students in the intervention group and 665 students in the control group. |
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Interventions | Reporting Phase III of the Think First For Kids curriculum. Only children were the recipients of the intervention, which was carried out by teachers within schools. Intervention: Think First For Kids programme. 6‐week, 6‐subject curriculum was integrated into the usual school curriculum. The units looked at the structure and function of the brain and spinal cord; road traffic safety (e.g. motor vehicle safety); conflict resolution; and water, sports, playground and recreational safety. There were 3 intervention groups (for the 3 grades). Control: no intervention. |
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Outcomes | Safety knowledge (brain and spinal cord injury, water safety, cycle safety, motor vehicle/pedestrian safety and playground/sports safety) assessed using questions designed to measure the effectiveness of the programme 1 week after the intervention. | |
Injury mechanisms | Brain and spinal cord injuries: motorcycle injuries; pedestrian injuries; cycle safety; conflict resolution and weapon's safety; water safety; playground, recreation and sports safety. |
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Notes | ||
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Allocation to intervention/control (selection bias) (for non‐RCT and CBA studies) | Unclear risk | Not report. |
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | High risk | Insufficient information provided about the blinding process. Participants were likely to know that they received the intervention. |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Insufficient information provided about the blinding process. |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Insufficient information about the missing outcome data. |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Unclear risk | Insufficient information about the outcome reporting to determine risk. |
Other bias | Unclear risk | May be risk of bias but there was insufficient information to assess whether an important risk of bias existed. |
Risk of bias due to confounding (for non‐RCTs and CBA studies) | Unclear risk | No baseline data provided to enable a comparison of the groups. |