| ABC | alveolar bone crest |
| CC50 | 50% cytotoxic concentrations |
| CEJ | cemento-enamel junction |
| CFU | colony forming unit |
| CMC | carboxymethylcellulose |
| COX | cyclooxygenase |
| CYP | cytochrome P450 |
| EC50 | 50% effective concentration |
| FBS | foetal bovine serum |
| GC/M | gas chromatography-mass spectrometry |
| GRS | goreisan |
| HGF | human gingival fibroblast |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| HPC | human pulp cell |
| HPLF | human periodontal ligament fibroblast |
| HSV | herpes simplex virus |
| IC50 | 50% inhibitory concentration |
| kD | kilo dalton |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| MIC | minimum inhibitory concentration |
| NO | nitric oxide |
| PGE2 | prostaglandin E2 |
| RANKL | receptor activator of NF-κB ligand |
| RCB | red complex bacteria |
| SI | selectivity index, determined by the ratio of CC50/EC50 |
| TNF | tumour necrosis factor |
| TRAP | tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase |
| TS | tumour specificity, determined by ratio of CC50 for normal cells to CC50 for tumour cells |
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