Tao 2008.
| Methods | Allocation: randomised, no further details. Blindness: unclear. Duration: eight weeks. Design: four arms intervention. Location: inpatient, China. | |
| Participants | Diagnosis: schizophrenia (CCMD‐3). PANSS of 70 or more. N = 360. Age: aripiprazole group: mean = (30. 72 ± 11. 59) years; risperidone group: mean = (32. 51 ± 14. 30) years; quetiapine group: mean = (35. 53 ± 14. 23) years; ziprasidone group: mean = (26. 03 ± 7. 23) years. Gender: aripiprazole group: 22 male, 68 female; risperidone group: 43 male, 47 female; quetiapine group: 4 male, 86 female; ziprasidone group: 65 male, 25 female. History: not reported. Age at onset not reported. | |
| Interventions | 1. Aripiprazole: Dose range: 10‐30 mg/day. Mean dose:not reported. N = 90.
2. Risperidone: Dose range: 2‐5 mg/day. Mean dose:not reported. N = 90. 3.Quetiapine: Dose range: 200‐600 mg/day. Mean dose:not reported. N = 90. 4.Ziprasidone: Dose range: 40‐80 mg/day. Mean dose:not reported. N = 90. |
|
| Outcomes | Global state: PANSS score decreased rate (recovery: ≥ 80%, markedly improved: 50%‐80%, improved: 25%‐50%, no effect: < 25%). Mental state: PANSS total score. PANSS positive subscale score, PANSS negative subscale score, PANSS general pathological subscale score. Leaving the study early. Adverse effects. |
|
| Notes | ||
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Randomised, no further details. |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Not reported. |
| Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Not reported. |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Unclear if outcome was assessed blindly. |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | The total rate of loss to follow‐up was 4.4%(3/90 vs. 1/90), 1 participant dropped out because of adverse effect, 1 dropped out because of no effect, 2 dropped out because of incomplete data. |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | No selective reporting. |
| Other bias | Low risk | None obvious. |