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. 2019 Mar 13;9(3):429. doi: 10.3390/nano9030429

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Second-order derivative linear sweep voltammograms collected on the GR/ABPE in various 4-NP concentrations and 0.1 M HCl solutions (A) Form a to f: 0.8, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, and 8.0 μM 4-NP (inset: form a to i: 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 μM 4-NP); (B) form a to g: 8, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 μM 4-NP; (C) plots of the peak currents versus 4-NP concentrations in the range of 0.02~8.0 μM, and (D) plots of the peak currents versus 4-NP concentrations in the range of 8.0~100 μM, error bars represent SD, n = 3. Accumulation conditions: 0.0 V, 60 s, scan rate: 0.1 V s⁻¹.