Table 5.
Material | Preparation Method | Type | Operating Temperature | Sensitivity/Response | Selectivity | Humidity Range | Response/Recovery Time | Stability | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
m-r(CNC/GO) | Layer-by-layer spraying | Resistive | 25 °C | ~55 | — | 20–100% | ~10 s/~5 s | — | [166] |
CNC/GO | Pour drying | Capacitive | 25–45 °C | 547 | — | 25–90% | — | — | [167] |
PVA/NFC/rGO | Pour drying | Resistive | R.T. | 0.347/%RH | — | 30–98% | <2 min | — | [168] |
rGO/cellulose | Pour casting | Resistive | 23 °C | ~40% | — | 35–90% | — | — | [169] |
rGO/LS | Vacuum filtration | Resistive | 25 °C | 298% | — | 22–97% | 100 s/100 s | 30 days | [170] |
PDA/rGO | Drop casting | Resistive | 25 °C | 20,000 | — | 0–97% | 20 ms/17 ms | 60 days | [176] |
PDA/PVA/rGO | Pour drying | Resistive | 30 °C | — | — | 40–100% | — | — | [175] |
PDDA/rGO PSSNa/rGO |
Dip coating | Impedance | 22–25 °C | 1000% (0.2–30%) 300% (0.2–30%) |
— | 0.2–90% | 16 s/24 s 38 s/70 s |
— | [171] |
QC-P4VP/rGO | Dip-coating | Impedance | 20–40 °C | 500% (0.18–2.1%) | — | 0.18–98% | 21 s/78 s | — | [172] |
PDDA/rGO | Layer-by-layer self-assembly | Resistive | 25 °C | 8.69–37.43% | — | 11–97% | 108–147 s/ 94–133 s |
60 days | [173] |
PDDA/GO | Layer-by-layer self-assembly | Capacitive | 25 °C | 1552.3 pF/% RH | — | 11–97% | 1 s/1 s | 60 days | [174] |
rGO/PVP | Spin coating | Resistive | R.T. | — | — | 30–90% | 3 s/3 s | — | [177] |
Graphene/PVP | Ink-jet printing | Resistive | R.T. | 0.3–0.21%/%RH | — | 10–80% | 6–16 s/ 60–300 s |
28 days | [178] |
rGO/PVP | Spary coating | Resistive | 20–60 °C | ~7 | High (HCHO, H2S, NH3, acetone, H2) | 7.0–97.3% | 2.8s/3.5s | 28 days | [179] |
PVDF/graphene | Electro-spinning | Capacitive | 25 °C | 0.0463pF/% RH | — | 40–90% | ~1000 s/21.3 s | — | [180] |
Graphene/PPy | Dip coating | Impedance | R.T. | 138 | — | 12–90% | 15 s/20 s | — | [181] |
rGO/PU | Spin coating | Resistive | R.T. | — | — | 10–70% | 3.5 s/7 s | — | [182] |
MGO/Nafion | Drop casting | Impedance | R.T. | — | — | 11–97% | 100–300 s/ 100–300 s |
2 months | [183] |
GO/C60 | Drop casting | Capacitive | R.T. | 2770% | — | 11–97% | 8 s/7 s | 21 days | [184] |
GO/MWCNT | Drop casting | Capacitive | 25 °C | 7980 pF/% RH | — | 11–97% | 5 s/2.5 s | — | [185] |