. 2019 Apr 19;19(2):22. doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iez029

Table 4.

Population increase of Callosobruchus maculatus in cowpea treated with of Hemizygia welwitschii leaf extracts and stored for 3 mo

	Insects
Products	Number of insects (means ± standard error)
Contents (g/kg)	Dead insects	Live insects	Total insects
Hexane extract	Callosobruchus maculatus
0	244.00 ± 4.76^c	207.50 ± 5.74^d	451.50 ± 1.91^d
2	205.00 ± 49.89^c	19.00 ± 5.22^c	224.50 ± 44.78^c
4	114.00 ± 8.98^b	9.75 ± 0.96^b	123.75 ± 8.26^b
6	74.25 ± 5.38^ab	6.75 ± 1.26^ab	81.00 ± 4.24^b
10	30.00 ± 0.00^a	0.00 ± 0.00^a	30.00 ± 0.00^a
F _(4,15)	61.03***	2,526.37***	265.16***
Acetone extract
0	290.25 ± 65.27^c	140.50 ± 12.50^b	430.75 ± 64.39^c
2	213.25 ± 76.42^bc	13.25 ± 3.30^a	223.50 ± 80.04^b
4	121.75 ± 57.95^ab	4.25 ± 3.77^a	126.00 ± 56.12^ab
6	109.25 ± 38.87^ab	3.75 ± 2.63^a	113.00 ± 41.00^ab
10	66.50 ± 26.45^a	2.00 ± 2.16^a	68.50 ± 27.96^a
F _(4,15)	10.40***	377. 79***	25.93***
Methanol extract
0	197.50 ± 79.94^a	98.50 ± 6.76^c	296.00 ± 83.29^a
2	175.75 ± 78.64^a	52.00 ± 15.56^b	227.75 ± 78.53^a
4	131.00 ± 43.41^a	22.00 ± 4.08^a	153.00 ± 44.43^a
6	83.00 ± 17.26^a	17.75 ± 3.03^a	100.75 ± 19.72^a
10	167.25 ± 49.31^a	14.25 ± 2.87^a	181.50 ± 50.84^a
F _(4,15)	0.52^ns	77.97***	1.42^ns

Means within the column and line followed respectively by the same small letter do not differ significantly at the 5% level according to Tukey’s test.

^ns P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001.