Table 1.
Physiological parameters of individual brown bears.
| ID | Sex | Age (year) | Body Mass (kg) |
Body Temperature (°C) |
Tissues |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Summer | Winter | Summer | Winter | Summer | Winter | |||
| 0825 | F | 4 | 47.0 | 58.0 | 40.5 | 34.7 | P M | P |
| 0904 | F | 3 | 72.0 | 57.0 | 37.3 | 34.1 | P M | P M |
| 0908 | M | 3 | 51.0 | 58.0 | 39.9 | 33.4 | P W M | P W M |
| 1004 | M | 2 | 22.0 | 21.0 | 39.2 | 32.0 | P | P M |
| 1011 | F | 3 | 59.0 | 56.0 | 40.8 | 34.2 | P W M | P W M |
| 1015 | M | 2 | 27.0 | 25.0 | 38.6 | 33.1 | P W M | P |
| 1017 | F | 2 | 28.0 | 35.0 | 39.2 | 36.2 | P W M | P W M |
| 1104 | F | 2 | 29.0 | 30.2 | 39.4 | 32.1 | P | P M |
| 1105 | F | 2 | – | 31.5 | 39.4 | 32.0 | P W | P W M |
| 1110 | F | 2 | 29 | 27.3 | 40.0 | 35.1 | P W M | P W M |
Animals were used in the linear mixed models (LMM) to test for the effect of season (fixed variable) on the different lipid groups or specific lipid molecules (predicted variable) in each tissue, i.e., white adipose tissue (“W”), muscle tissue (“M”), and blood plasma (“P”). Bear’s ID was included as random effect for taking repeated measurements among animals into account. Sample sizes in LMM were of 10(P), 6(W), 7(M) in summer, and of 10(P), 5(W), 8(M) in winter.