Table 1. Patient characteristics in this study (n = 141).
| Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 31) | (n = 18) | (n = 15) | (n = 77) | |
| Age, n | ||||
| Median (range), years | 71 (49–82) | 68 (49–78) | 73 (51–92) | 70 (42–89) |
| <75 years | 25 | 14 | 8 | 54 |
| ≥75 years | 6 | 4 | 7 | 23 |
| Sex, n | ||||
| Male | 27 | 14 | 12 | 63 |
| Female | 4 | 4 | 3 | 14 |
| Smoking status, n | ||||
| Never | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Former/current | 29 | 17 | 12 | 73 |
| Unknown | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| ECOG PS, n | ||||
| 0/1 | 25 | 13 | 9 | 40 |
| 2/3/4 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 37 |
| Metastatic sites, n | ||||
| Brain | 5 | 1 | 0 | - |
| Lung | 1 | 1 | 1 | - |
| Liver | 5 | 5 | 6 | - |
| Adrenal gland | 5 | 1 | 0 | - |
| Bone | 6 | 8 | 8 | - |
| Others | 9 | 2 | 0 | - |
| Blood tests, mean ± SD | ||||
| Albumin, g/dL | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 3.6 ± 0.5 | 3.5 ± 0.6 | 3.6 ± 0.4 |
| LDH, IU/L | 252.3 ± 98.0 | 394.7 ± 315.0 | 473.3 ± 347.6 | 594.8 ± 1015.7 |
| ALP, U/L | 275.9± 88.8 | 339.5 ± 232.0 | 403.8 ± 260.3 | 421.6 ± 317.1 |
| Sodium, mEq/L | 139.1 ± 3.6 | 137.5 ± 5.7 | 137.9 ± 4.4 | 136.5 ± 5.9 |
| NSE, ng/mL | 46.5 ± 54.4 | 123.3 ± 195.7 | 132.8 ± 137.2 | 102.8 ± 119.4 |
| Pro-GRP, ng/mL | 1,627.4 ± 3,577.4 | 1,426.3 ± 1,773.1 | 2,320.9 ± 3,670.4 | 3,798.6±12,424.2 |
Note: ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; PS, performance status; SD, standard deviation; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; NSE, neuron-specific enolase; pro-GRP, pro-gastrin-releasing peptide