Table 4.
Psychosocial Problems and Self-rated Health of Immigrant Children (Age 6–17), the New Immigrant Survey 2003 (N=1084).
| Emotional or behavioral problems | Excellent or very good health | |
|---|---|---|
| Child immigration experience (ref.=child migrating with parents) | ||
| Child reuniting with migrant parents | 0.468* | 0.074 |
| Panel A: By separation from which parent(s) (N=674 for restricted sample) | ||
| Child immigration experience (ref.=child migrating with parents) | ||
| Child reuniting with migrant parents, separated from mother only | 0.821+ (0.469) |
−0.123 (0.362) |
| Child reuniting with migrant parents, separated from father only | −0.376 (0.560) |
−0.025 (0.225) |
| Child reuniting with migrant parents, separated from both parents | 0.887* (0.379) |
0.434 (0.302) |
| Panel B: By year since migration (N=1,084) | ||
| Child immigration experience (ref.=child migrating with parents) | ||
| Child reuniting with migrant parents in < 2 years | 0.044 (0.288) |
0.048 (0.212) |
| Child reuniting with migrant parents in 2+ years | 0.635** (0.219) |
0.170 (0.202) |
| Panel C: By duration of separation: at most 6 years vs. over 6 years (N=1,084) | ||
| Child immigration experience (ref.=child migrating with parents) | ||
| Child reuniting with migrant parents, years of separation 0~2 years | 0.221 (0.310) |
0.056 (0.233) |
| Child reuniting with migrant parents, years of separation 3~6 years | 0.636+ (0.332) |
0.326 (0.324) |
| Child reuniting with migrant parents, years of separation 6+ years | 0.643** (0.233) |
−0.050 (0.231) |
| Panel D: By parent’s documentation status (N=1,081) | ||
| Child immigration experience (ref.=child migrating with parents) | ||
| Child reuniting with migrant parents who were ever undocumented | 1.098*** (0.314) |
−0.083 (0.264) |
| Child reuniting with migrant parents who were documented | 0.268 (0.326) |
0.060 (0.255) |
| Panel E1: Age at immigration, 9 and younger (N=506) | ||
| Child reuniting with migrant parents (ref.=child migrating with parents) | 0.870*** (0.249) |
0.242 (0.230) |
| Panel E2: Age at immigration, 10 and older (N=578) | ||
| Child reuniting with migrant parents (ref.=child migrating with parents) | −0.017 (0.315) |
−0.031 (0.222) |
| Panel F1: Female children (N=529) | ||
| Child reuniting with migrant parents (ref.=child migrating with parents) | 0.160 (0.311) |
−0.012 (0.228) |
| Panel F2: Male children (N=555) | ||
| Child reuniting with migrant parents (ref.=child migrating with parents) | 0.749** (0.246) |
0.157 (0.214) |
Note: Results are from bivariate probit models. Only the coefficient of immigration status is shown. The full table is in Appendix D.
***
p<0.001,
**
p<0.01,
*
p<0.05,
+
p<0.10; Standard errors in parentheses