. 2019 Apr 19;9:6320. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-42534-x

Table 4.

Age- and sex- adjusted associations between retinal and brain imaging-derived measurements in MSS.

	CRAE	CRVE	BSTDa	BSTDv	FDa	FDv	TORT a	TORTv	BCa	BCv	AFa	AFv	LDRa	LDRv	Grad a	Grad v
	CRAE	CRVE	BSTDa	BSTDv	FDa	FDv	TORT a	TORTv	BCa	BCv	AFa	AFv	LDRa	LDRv	1^st Unrotated PC	1^st Unrotated PC
	β	β	β	β	β	β	β	β	β	β	β	β	β	β	β	β
WMH in BTV	−0.269^a	−0.035	−0.270^a	−0.392^a	−0.365^a	−0.094	−0.055	−0.252	−0.044	−0.134	−0.026	−0.021	−0.062	−0.036	−0.199	−0.036
BTV mm³	0.040	−0.067	0.226	0.147	−0.064	−0.007	−0.074	0.209	0.242	−0.115	0.186	−0.017	0.187	−0.137	0.037	−0.080
WMH in ICV	−0.266^a	−0.036	−0.257^a	−0.383^a	−0.370^a	−0.091	−0.049	−0.247	−0.044	−0.136	−0.018	−0.028	−0.063	−0.036	−0.202	−0.033
ICV mm³	0.004	−0.069	0.006	0.015	0.046	−0.029	−0.175	0.129	0.257	−0.082	0.084	0.129	0.216	−0.118	0.113	−0.121
Fazekas Peri	−0.177	−0.046	−0.105	−0.133	−0.308^a	−0.085	−0.039	0.030	−0.123	−0.193	0.021	−0.018	−0.118	−0.017	−0.009	−0.054
Fazekas Deep	−0.187^a	−0.025	−0.026	−0.115	−0.327***	0.026	0.026	0.161	−0.087	−0.216^a	0.169	−0.033	−0.122	−0.124	0.027	−0.050
Atrophy Deep	−0.095	−0.050	−0.194	−0.260^a	−0.157	0.035	−0.022	−0.016	−0.144	0.092	0.027	0.070	−0.147	0.128	0.032	−0.011
Atrophy Superficial	−0.168	−0.039	−0.170	−0.101	−0.118	−0.069	−0.070	−0.085	−0.026	0.038	0.029	−0.029	−0.046	0.085	0.124	0.011
PVS	−0.152	0.043	−0.053	−0.097	−0.158	0.007	0.020	0.035	0.120	−0.032	−0.025	−0.018	0.021	−0.118	−0.050	−0.141
Microbleeds	−0.146	0.096	−0.033	−0.073	−0.142	0.024	−0.120	0.071	−0.047	−0.125	0.087	−0.113	−0.090	−0.171	0.123	−0.170
SVD score	−0.158	0.016	−0.024	−0.100	−0.274^a	0.004	−0.029	0.095	0.085	−0.145	0.065	−0.034	0.016	−0.145	0.042	−0.105

Note. Model adjusted for age and sex. WMH = white matter hyperintensities; BTV = brain tissue volume; ICV = intracranial volume; PVS = basal ganglia perivascular spaces; SVD = small vessel disease; CRAE = central retinal artery equivalent; CRVE = central vein retinal equivalent; BSTDa = standard deviation of arteriolar widths in Zone B; BSTDv = standard deviation of venular widths in Zone B; FDa = fractal dimension arteriolar; FDv = fractal dimension venular; TORTa = arteriolar tortuosity; TORTv = venular tortuosity; BCa = arteriolar branching coefficient; BCv = venular branching coefficient; AFa = arteriolar asymmetry factor; AFv = venular asymmetry factor; LDRa = length diameter arteriolar; LDRv = length diameter ration venular; PC = principal component; Bolded values are statistically significant. WML % volumes and tortuosity log transformed. β, Standardised regression coefficients.

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; All p-values corrected for False Discovery Rate. ^aValue was statistically significant at p < 0.05 before FDR correction.