Table 2.

Clinical Characteristics According to HF Phenotypes 1 Year After Index Admission (ie, at HFiEF diagnosis)

	All HFrEF	Persistent HFrEF (n=789)	HFiEF (n=720)	P Value
Physical examination
SBP, mm Hg	118.2±18.7	114.7±17.9	121.8±18.9	<0.001
DBP, mm Hg	70.6±12.7	68.4±12.0	72.8±12.9	<0.001
HR, bpm	78.2±15.6	78.4±16.1	78.1±15.2	0.767
Laboratory examination
Hemoglobin, mg/dL	12.7±2.1	12.8±2.1	12.7±2.0	0.371
Sodium, mmol/L	139.1±3.3	138.8±3.2	139.4±3.5	0.006
Potassium, mmol/L	4.5±0.5	4.5±0.5	4.5±0.5	0.072
BUN, mg/dL	24.5±14.5	25.9±15.2	22.8±13.5	0.001
Creatinine, mg/dL	1.5±1.6	1.6±1.5	1.5±1.6	0.423
Echocardiography
LAD, mm	44.4±8.8	46.9±8.4	41.6±8.4	<0.001
LVEDD, mm	57.7±10.0	63.6±8.8	51.2±6.7	<0.001
LVESD, mm	44.8±12.3	53.6±9.6	35.6±7.0	<0.001
E/e′	16.7±10.2	19.8±11.4	13.5±7.5	<0.001
RVSP, mm Hg	36.8±31.6	40.3±24.2	32.3±38.6	<0.001
LVEF, %	39.9±14.8	28.0±7.4	53.0±8.4	<0.001
ΔLVEF from index admission, %	13.7±15.1	2.7±7.6	25.7±11.6	<0.001
Medications
Β‐Blocker	878 (63.3)	443 (60.9)	443 (65.8)	0.058
RASi	981 (70.7)	535 (74.9)	446 (66.3)	<0.001
MRA	612 (44.1)	373 (52.2)	239 (35.5)	<0.001

Data are shown as n (%) or mean±SD. BUN indicates blood urea nitrogen; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; E/e′, the ratio between early mitral inflow velocity and mitral annular early diastolic velocity; HF, heart failure; HFiEF, heart failure with improved ejection fraction; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; HR, heart rate; LAD, left atrial diameter; LVEDD, left ventricular end‐diastolic dimension; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESD, left ventricular end‐systolic diameter; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; RAS, renin‐angiotensin system inhibitor; RVSP, right ventricular systolic pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure.