Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of all patients with ischaemic stroke with carotid data and by ipsilateral carotid stenosis
| All IS | GTN | No GTN | Continue | Stop | Stenosis <30% | Stenosis 30–<50% | Stenosis 50–<70% | Stenosis ≥70% | P value | |
| Number of patients | 2023 | 1002 | 1021 | 534 | 525 | 1431 | 224 | 148 | 213 | |
| Age (years) | 69.1 (11.4) | 68.8 (11.3) | 69.4 (11.5) | 71.6 (10.5) | 70.9 (10.5) | 68.3 (11.6) | 71.2 (10.7) | 73.3 (9.9) | 68.9 (10.8) | <0.001 |
| Sex, male (%) | 1193 (59.0) | 599 (59.8) | 594 (58.2) | 286 (53.6) | 283 (53.9) | 817 (57.1) | 141 (62.9) | 91 (61.5) | 141 (66.2) | 0.036 |
| Premorbid mRS>1 (%) | 209 (10.3) | 95 (9.5) | 114 (11.2) | 71 (13.3) | 64 (12.2) | 135 (9.4) | 27 (12.1) | 20 (13.5) | 24 (11.3) | 0.29 |
| Medical history (%) | ||||||||||
| Hypertension | 1307 (64.6) | 624 (47.7) | 683 (66.9) | 512 (95.9) | 503 (95.8) | 903 (63.1) | 146 (65.2) | 108 (73.0) | 144 (67.6) | 0.078 |
| Treated hypertension | 1072 (53.0) | 516 (51.5) | 556 (54.5) | 533 (99.8) | 522 (99.4) | 720 (50.3) | 134 (59.8) | 98 (66.2) | 115 (54.0) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 353 (17.4) | 164 (16.4) | 189 (18.5) | 125 (23.4) | 121 (23.0) | 245 (17.1) | 38 (17.0) | 38 (25.7) | 28 (13.1) | 0.020 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 333 (16.5) | 169 (16.9) | 164 (16.1) | 135 (25.3) | 116 (22.1) | 224 (15.7) | 43 (19.2) | 36 (24.3) | 30 (14.1) | 0.024 |
| Stroke | 295 (14.6) | 150 (15.0) | 145 (14.2) | 113 (21.2) | 97 (18.5) | 207 (14.5) | 37 (16.5) | 25 (16.9) | 22 (10.3) | 0.22 |
| TIA | 286 (14.1) | 147 (14.7) | 139 (13.6) | 91 (17.0) | 96 (18.3) | 179 (12.5) | 43 (19.2) | 24 (16.2) | 39 (18.3) | 0.010 |
| IHD | 380 (18.8) | 191 (19.1) | 189 (18.5) | 136 (25.5) | 153 (29.1) | 248 (17.3) | 59 (26.3) | 38 (25.7) | 34 (16.0) | 0.001 |
| PAD | 65 (3.2) | 29 (2.9) | 36 (3.5) | 23 (4.3) | 22 (4.2) | 35 (2.4) | 10 (4.5) | 8 (5.4) | 12 (5.6) | 0.018 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 587 (29.0) | 293 (29.2) | 294 (28.8) | 204 (38.2) | 216 (41.1) | 412 (28.8) | 60 (26.8) | 52 (35.1) | 57 (26.8) | 0.29 |
| Smoking, current | 573 (28.3) | 278 (27.7) | 295 (28.9) | 111 (20.8) | 109 (20.8) | 380 (26.6) | 71 (31.7) | 37 (25.0) | 83 (39.0) | 0.010 |
| Alcohol >21 units per week | 176 (8.7) | 92 (9.2) | 84 (8.2) | 38 (7.1) | 29 (5.5) | 116 (8.1) | 19 (10.9) | 11 (7.4) | 28 (13.1) | 0.10 |
| Side of lesion, right (%) | 1047 (51.8) | 509 (50.8) | 538 (52.7) | 278 (52.4) | 264 (50.4) | 722 (50.5) | 109 (48.7) | 89 (60.1) | 127 (59.6) | 0.010 |
| NIHSS (/42), calculated | 9.9 (5.3) | 9.8 (5.3) | 10.0 (5.4) | 10.3 (5.5) | 10.2 (5.4) | 9.7 (5.2) | 10.1 (5.4) | 9.6 (5.0) | 11.6 (5.6) | <0.001 |
| GCS <15 (%) | 460 (22.7) | 222 (22.2) | 238 (23.3) | 134 (25.1) | 145 (27.6) | 300 (21.0) | 61 (27.2) | 32 (21.6) | 65 (30.5) | 0.006 |
| TOAST classification* | ||||||||||
| Cardioembolic | 358 (17.7) | 181 (18.1) | 177 (17.3) | 133 (24.9) | 117 (22.3) | 271 (18.9) | 41 (18.3) | 24 (16.2) | 22 (10.3) | 0.021 |
| Large vessel | 527 (26.1) | 254 (25.3) | 273 (26.7) | 143 (49.5) | 146 (27.8) | 200 (14.0) | 53 (23.7) | 90 (60.8) | 180 (84.5) | <0.001 |
| Small Vessel | 808 (39.9) | 402 (40.1) | 406 (39.8) | 188 (35.2) | 199 (37.9) | 649 (45.4) | 105 (46.9) | 34 (23.0) | 16 (7.5) | <0.001 |
| Other | 394 (19.5) | 202 (20.2) | 192 (18.8) | 93 (17.4) | 87 (16.6) | 333 (23.3) | 32 (14.3) | 17 (11.5) | 12 (5.6) | <0.001 |
| Haemodynamics | ||||||||||
| BP, systolic (mm Hg) | 166.6 (18.5) | 167.1 (18.3) | 166.1 (18.7) | 165.4 (18.9) | 167.7 (17.8) | 166.6 (18.6) | 166.6 (18.7) | 165.1 (17.2) | 167.5 (18.3) | 0.70 |
| BP, diastolic (mm Hg) | 89.2 (13.0) | 89.9 (13.1) | 88.5 (12.8) | 87.5 (13.3) | 88.2 (12.6) | 90.1 (13.0) | 88.2 (13.3) | 87.7 (12.9) | 86.7 (11.8) | <0.001 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 76.8 (14.4) | 77.1 (14.5) | 76.5 (14.2) | 75.8 (14.5) | 76.1 (14.5) | 76.5 (14.6) | 78.4 (13.1) | 78.7 (15.4) | 75.3 (13.1) | 0.039 |
| Time to randomisation [hours] | 25.6 [21.2] | 24.9 [21.5] | 26.0 [21.1] | 25.2 [18.8] | 23.9 [22.1] | 26.0 [21.6] | 24.0 [20.1] | 23.9 [17.8] | 24.8 [19.0] | 0.08 |
| Thrombolysis (%) | 239 (11.8) | 107 (10.7) | 132 (12.9) | 71 (13.3) | 63 (12.0) | 156 (10.9) | 24 (10.7) | 20 (13.5) | 39 (18.3) | 0.015 |
*Total may exceed 100% due to mixed causality. χ2 test for categorical variables or one-way analysis of variance for continuous variables across grades of carotid stenosis.
BP, blood pressure; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; GTN, glyceryl trinitrate; IHD, ischaemic heart disease; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; NIHSS, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; PAD, peripheral arterial disease; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.