Table 1.
Selected characteristics of participants in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. Data are arithmetic mean (standard deviation).
| Characteristics | N (%) | Placental weight (g) | Placental Efficiency | Chorionic Plate Area (cm2) | Disc Eccentricity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal Age at enrollment | |||||
| <20 | 17 (1.5) | 656 (151) | 0.80 (0.02) | 278.0 (101.1) | 1.16 (0.12) |
| 20–29 | 363 (31.3) | 616 (161) | 0.79 (0.03) | 268.3 (70.0) | 1.20 (0.15) |
| 30–35 | 437 (37.7) | 615 (150) | 0.78 (0.02) | 280.3 (76.4) | 1.19 (0.14) |
| >35 | 342 (29.5) | 606 (145) | 0.78 (0.02) | 277.0 (69.5) | 1.18 (0.13) |
| Maternal Educationa | |||||
| < 11th grade | 8 (0.8) | 670 (210) | 0.80 (0.02) | 297.3 (84.3) | 1.14 (0.05) |
| High school graduate/GED | 117 (11.3) | 613 (173) | 0.79 (0.03) | 276.5 (79.3) | 1.17 (0.12) |
| Junior college/come college | 206 (19.9) | 635 (175) | 0.79 (0.03) | 286.8 (81.8) | 1.19 (0.14) |
| College graduate | 411 (39.8) | 608 (137) | 0.78 (0.02) | 268.6 (64.8) | 1.21 (0.16) |
| Postgraduate schooling | 292 (28.2) | 610 (147) | 0.78 (0.02) | 275.6 (71.5) | 1.18 (0.13) |
| Maternal BMIb | *** | *** | * | ||
| <18.5 | 30 (2.7) | 561 (108) | 0.78 (0.02) | 277.6 (70.1) | 1.17 (0.14) |
| 18.5–24.9 | 553 (49.6) | 592 (142) | 0.78 (0.02) | 268.7 (71.0) | 1.19 (0.14) |
| 25–29.9 | 281 (25.2) | 632 (169) | 0.79 (0.03) | 284.5 (81.3) | 1.20 (0.14) |
| >30 | 252 (22.6) | 643 (146) | 0.79 (0.02) | 281.1 (67.4) | 1.19 (0.15) |
| Previous pregnanciesc | *** | ** | ** | * | |
| 0 | 485 (42.1) | 583 (148) | 0.78 (0.03) | 265.7 (68.7) | 1.21 (0.17) |
| 1 | 430 (37.3) | 632 (154) | 0.79 (0.02) | 284.2 (76.8) | 1.18 (0.12) |
| 2 | 154 (13.4) | 627 (147) | 0.79 (0.02) | 279.8 (78.2) | 1.17 (0.12) |
| ≥3 | 84 (7.3) | 665 (144) | 0.79 (0.02) | 278.9 (61.5) | 1.18 (0.11) |
| Infant Sex | |||||
| Female | 585 (50.5) | 618 (161) | 0.78 (0.02) | 279.1 (73.2) | 1.19 (0.14) |
| Male | 574 (49.5) | 609 (142) | 0.79 (0.02) | 271.9 (72.5) | 1.19 (0.15) |
| Gestational age | ** | * | ** | ** | |
| Pre-term (<37 weeks) | 63 (5.4) | 534 (178) | 0.79 (0.03) | 240.8 (65.5) | 1.25 (0.20) |
| Term (37–40 weeks) | 951 (82.1) | 616 (149) | 0.79 (0.02) | 277.0 (73.3) | 1.19 (0.14) |
| Late (≥41 weeks) | 145 (12.5) | 632 (150) | 0.78 (0.03) | 280.2 (70.1) | 1.18 (0.12) |
| Smoking History | |||||
| History of/currently smoking | 130 (14.9) | 620 (178) | 0.78 (0.02) | 279 (76.5) | 1.19 (0.14) |
| Never smoked | 751 (85.2) | 615 (149) | 0.78 (0.03) | 275 (71.7) | 1.19 (0.14) |
a
Education data missing for 125 participants
b
BMI data missing for 43 participants
c
Parity data missing for 6 participants.
*
p<0.05
**
p<0.001
***
p<0.0001