Table 4.
Gender differences in IPV victimisation and impact items
| Victimisation items | Lifetime | Ages 18–21 | ||||
| Women (n=2050) | Men (n=1108) |
χ2 (p value) | Women (n=2014) | Men (n=1092) | χ2 (p value) | |
| Told you who you could see, where you could go or regularly checked what you were doing and where you were | 510 (24.88) | 196 (17.69) | 21.41 (<0.001) | 346 (17.18) | 152 (13.92) | 5.59 (.018) |
| Made fun of you, called you hurtful names, shouted at you | 596 (29.07) | 210 (18.95) | 38.75 (<0.001) | 443 (22.00) | 166 (15.20) | 20.74 (<0.001) |
| Used physical force such as pushing, slapping, hitting or holding you down | 362 (17.66) | 106 (9.57) | 37.31 (<0.001) | 245 (12.16) | 82 (7.51) | 16.29 (<0.001) |
| Used more severe physical force such as punching, strangling, beating you up, hitting you with an object | 142 (6.93) | 31 (2.80) | 23.68 (<0.001) | 96 (4.77) | 22 (2.01) | 14.67 (<0.001) |
| Pressured you into kissing/touching/something else | 240 (11.71) | 26 (2.35) | 81.70 (<0.001) | 144 (7.15) | 20 (1.83) | 40.05 (<0.001) |
| Physically forced you into kissing/touching/something else | 125 (6.10) | 7 (0.63) | 53.65 (<0.001) | 72 (3.57) | 5 (0.46) | 28.46 (<0.001) |
| Pressured you into having sexual intercourse | 313 (15.27) | 43 (3.88) | 93.25 (<0.001) | 192 (9.53) | 36 (3.30) | 40.49 (<0.001) |
| Physically forced you into having sexual intercourse | 114 (5.56) | 5 (0.45) | 51.79 (<0.001) | 64 (3.18) | 5 (0.46) | 24.12 (<0.001) |
| Impact items (among those who experienced any IPV) | Women (n=800) | Men (n=292) | χ2 (p value) | Women (n=552) | Men (n=221) | χ2 (p value) |
| Scared | 444 (55.50) | 40 (13.70) | 151.47 (<0.001) | 279 (50.54) | 31 (14.03) | 87.61 (<0.001) |
| Upset/unhappy | 684 (85.50) | 179 (61.30) | 75.58 (<0.001) | 465 (84.24) | 141 (63.80) | 38.92 (<0.001) |
| Angry/annoyed | 625 (78.12) | 195 (66.78) | 14.72 (<0.001) | 441 (79.89) | 152 (68.78) | 10.91 (0.001) |
| Made me feel sad | 621 (77.62) | 157 (53.77) | 59.44 (<0.001) | 425 (76.99) | 122 (55.20) | 36.22 (<0.001) |
| Affected my work/studies | 275 (34.38) | 51 (17.47) | 29.21 (<0.001) | 187 (33.88) | 38 (17.19) | 21.28 (<0.001) |
| Anxious | 406 (50.75) | 73 (25.00) | 57.60 (<0.001) | 272 (49.28) | 60 (27.15) | 31.53 (<0.001) |
| Depressed | 329 (41.12) | 69 (23.63) | 28.27 (<0.001) | 231 (41.85) | 52 (23.53) | 22.82 (<0.001) |
| No effect/not bothered | 109 (13.63) | 89 (30.48) | 40.94 (<0.001) | 74 (13.41) | 59 (26.70) | 19.57 (<0.001) |
| Made me drink more alcohol/take more drugs | 127 (15.88) | 34 (11.64) | 3.05 (0.081) | 92 (16.67) | 30 (13.57) | 1.14 (0.287) |
| Thought it was funny | 64 (8.00) | 92 (31.51) | 96.53 (<0.001) | 48 (8.70) | 67 (30.32) | 58.26 (<0.001) |
| Felt loved/protected/wanted | 101 (12.62) | 41 (14.04) | 0.38 (0.538) | 80 (14.49) | 32 (14.48) | 0.00 (0.996) |
Victimisation items were coded as 1=experienced at least once, 0=never experienced. Impact items were 1=yes, 0=no.
IPV, intimate partner violence.