Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of cases and controls
| Variable | Case | Control | Z/χ2 | P value |
| No (%) or median (quartiles) | No (%) or median (quartiles) | |||
| Age (years) | 48 (39–54) | 48 (39–54) | −0.03 | 0.97 |
| Gender | <0.01 | 1 | ||
| Male | 371 (68.3) | 371 (68.3) | ||
| Female | 172 (31.7) | 172 (31.7) | ||
| Blood pressure (mm Hg) | 20.60 | <0.001* | ||
| <140/90 | 380 (70.0) | 444 (81.8) | ||
| ≥140/90 | 163 (30.0) | 99 (18.2) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 208.51 | <0.001* | ||
| ≤18.5 | 3 (0.6) | 20 (3.7 | ||
| 18.6–23.9 | 179 (33.0) | 388 (71.5) | ||
| 24.0–27.9 | 284 (52.3) | 129 (23.8) | ||
| ≥28.0 | 77 (14.2) | 6 (1.1) | ||
| Diabetes | 5.35 | 0.02* | ||
| No | 517 (95.2) | 531 (97.8) | ||
| Yes | 26 (4.8) | 12 (2.2) | ||
| Education level | 5.52 | 0.06 | ||
| Primary education | 274 (50.5) | 286 (52.7) | ||
| Secondary education | 158 (29.1) | 126 (23.2) | ||
| Bachelor degree | 111 (20.4) | 131 (24.1) | ||
| Income (¥) | 1.44 | 0.49 | ||
| <1000 | 33 (6.1) | 35 (6.4) | ||
| 1000– 2000 | 161 (29.7) | 178 (32.8) | ||
| ≥2000 | 349 (64.3) | 330 (60.8) | ||
| Tea consumption | 4.40 | 0.04* | ||
| No | 338 (62.2) | 239 (44.0) | ||
| Yes | 205 (37.8) | 304 (56.0) | ||
| Smoking habit | 0.24 | 0.62 | ||
| No | 140 (25.8) | 131 (24.1) | ||
| Yes | 403 (74.2) | 412 (75.9) | ||
| Marital status | 2.65 | 0.10 | ||
| Single or divorced | 53 (9.8) | 70 (12.9) | ||
| Married | 490 (90.2) | 473 (87.1) | ||
| Sedentary time (hours/day) | 2.98 | 0.23 | ||
| <4 | 167 (30.8) | 184 (33.9) | ||
| 4–8 | 250 (46.0) | 255 (47.0) | ||
| ≥8 | 126 (23.2) | 104 (19.2) | ||
| Energy intake (kJ) | 2227.34 (1778.78–2664.85) | 2106.85 (1696.41–2600.52) | −2.32 | 0.02* |
| GGT (IU/L) | 32 (23.00–45.00) | 23 (17.00–32.00) | −10.18 | <0.001* |
| ALT (IU/L) | 27 (20.00–38.00) | 20 (15.00–25.00) | −11.47 | <0.001* |
| AST (IU/L) | 24 (20.00–28.00) | 22 (18.00–25.00) | −5.69 | <0.001* |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.19 (4.64–5.77) | 5.03 (4.53–5.53) | −2.76 | 0.06 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.85 (1.29–2.54) | 1.18 (0.87–1.59) | −13.48 | <0.001* |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 5.37 (5.03–5.84) | 5.20 (4.90–5.53) | −6.16 | <0.001* |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 1.21 (1.06–1.37) | 1.34 (1.18–1.48) | −9.16 | <0.001* |
| LDL (mmol/L) | 3.27 (2.63–3.79) | 3.17 (2.68–3.74) | −0.61 | 0.54 |
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, serum aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; FBG, serum fasting blood glucose; GGT, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides.
*P <0.05.