Table 3:
Multivariable linear regression models of the relationship between liver fat (by Liver:Phantom Ratio) and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress
| Markers of inflammation or oxidative stress | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (95% CI) | P-value | β (95% CI) | P-value | β (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Cluster of differentiation 40 (CD40) ligand | 0.23 (−0.52, 0.99) | 0.55 | 0.38 (−0.41, 1.17) | 0.35 | 0.47 (−0.34, 1.27) | 0.26 |
| Fibrinogen | 0.18 (0.08, 0.29) | <0.001 | 0.10 (−0.01, 0.21) | 0.07 | 0.02 (−0.08, 0.13) | 0.67 |
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) | 3.05 (2.61, 3.48) | <0.001 | 2.20 (1.75, 2.64) | <0.001 | 1.23 (0.81, 1.65) | <0.001 |
| Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) | 0.44 (0.34, 0.53) | <0.001 | 0.34 (0.24, 0.43) | <0.001 | 0.30 (0.20, 0.40) | <0.001 |
| Interleukin 6 (IL6) | 1.14 (0.88, 1.40) | <0.001 | 0.84 (0.57, 1.11) | <0.001 | 0.50 (0.23, 0.77) | <0.001 |
| Lipoprotein-phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) activity | 0.09 (0.01, 0.17) | 0.03 | −0.02 (−0.09, 0.05) | 0.62 | 0.02 (−0.05, 0.09) | 0.62 |
| Lipoprotein-phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) mass | −0.06 (−0.16, 0.04) | 0.27 | −0.08 (−0.19, 0.02) | 0.11 | −0.09 (−0.19, 0.02) | 0.11 |
| Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) | 0.16 (0.03, 0.30) | 0.02 | 0.10 (−0.04, 0.24) | 0.16 | 0.07 (−0.08, 0.22) | 0.34 |
| Myeloperoxidase (MPO) | −0.03 (−0.38, 0.32) | 0.86 | 0.00 (−0.37, 0.37) | 0.99 | −0.13 (−0.51, 0.25) | 0.50 |
| Osteoprotegerin | 0.14 (0.02, 0.27) | 0.03 | 0.11 (−0.02, 0.24) | 0.10 | 0.13 (−0.01, 0.26) | 0.07 |
| P-selectin | 0.48 (0.32, 0.63) | <0.001 | 0.25 (0.10, 0.41) | 0.002 | 0.20 (0.04, 0.36) | 0.01 |
| TNF receptor-2 (TNFR2) | 0.21 (0.10, 0.32) | <0.001 | 0.11 (−0.01, 0.22) | 0.08 | 0.02 (−0.10, 0.14) | 0.76 |
| TNF-alpha (TNF-α) | 0.09 (−0.25, 0.43) | 0.59 | −0.09 (−0.45, 0.26) | 0.6 | −0.21 (−0.57, 0.15) | 0.25 |
| Urinary isoprostanes | 1.40 (0.99, 1.81) | <0.001 | 1.15 (0.72, 1.58) | <0.001 | 0.87 (0.43, 1.31) | <0.001 |
Estimates in table give change in loge biomarker for a 1 standard deviation increase in liver fat (measured via the liver phantom ratio) with (95% CI) and p-value
Model 1 adjusts for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and regular aspirin use.
Model 2 additionally adjusts Model 1 for hypertension, lipid treatment, total/high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, triglycerides, diabetes, and prevalent cardiovascular disease.
Model 3 additionally adjusts Model 2 for body mass index
See Methods for covariate definitions