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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 May 15.
Published in final edited form as: Physiol Behav. 2019 Mar 1;204:210–218. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.02.042

Table 2.

Characteristics of 49 preschool children

Characteristic. Boys (N= 26) Girls (N=23) Significance
of difference1
Mean ± SD Range Mean ± SD Range (P-value)
Age (y)2 4.3 ± 0.7 3.2 – 5.5 4.3 ± 0.7 3.2 - 5.5 0.98
Weight (kg)3 17.5 ± 2.5 13.6 – 22.8 18.1 ± 5.3 13.6 – 39.3 0.60
Height (cm)3 104.3 ± 6.4 92.1 – 117.7 105.1 ± 7.3 95.2 – 127.9 0.71
Sex-specific BMI-for-age percentile3,4 57.9 ± 26.7 9.3 – 95.5 61.7 ± 23.3 11.5 – 99.6 0.62
BMI z-score3,4 0.26 ±0.83 −1.32 – 1.70 0.39 ± 0.83 −1.20 – 2.66 0.60
Estimated energy requirements (kcal/d)3,5 1029 ± 61 924 - 1148 947 ± 86 868 - 1272 0.0006
Satiety responsiveness2,6 2.9 ± 0.5 2.2 – 3.6 3.1 ± 0.4 2.0 – 3.8 0.16
Food responsiveness2,6 2.6 ± 0.9 1.4 – 4.4 2.5 ± 0.6 1.4 – 3.6 0.68
Pressure to eat2,7 2.5 ± 1.1 1.0 – 5.0 2.6 ± 0.9 1.0 – 4.0 0.71
1

Differences between means of boys and girls were evaluated by independent-samples t-tests.

2

2 children (1 boy; 1 girl) did not have the questionnaires filled out by a parent.

3

4 children (1 boy; 3 girls) were absent on the days heights and weights were collected.

4

BMI percentiles and z-scores were calculated from body weight, height, age, and sex using a software program based on nationally representative data [29].

5

Estimated energy requirements were calculated from body weight, height, sex, and physical activity level using equations for preschool children [28].

6

Subscale on the Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire [30].

7

Subscale on the Child Feeding Questionnaire [31].